BOMBERG, DANIEL:

By: Joseph Jacobs, Moïse Schwab

"Tefillot Latini." Italian Jewish Prayers Printed in Hebrew Characters, Bologna, 1538.(In the Library of Columbia University.)

Christian printer and publisher of Hebrew works; born at Antwerp; died at Venice in 1549. After having learned from his father, Cornelius, the art of printing and of type-founding, he went to Venice, where, from 1517 to 1549, he published many editions of Hebrew works, including the following: The editio princeps of the "Biblia Rabbinica" (), the Hebrew Bible with commentaries and three Chaldaic versions or Targumim; the first Hebrew Bibles; editions of and commentaries on the Pentateuch and other Biblical books; many grammatical and lexicographical works; philosophical and ethical treatises; rituals; Mekilta; Sifra; Sifre; parts of the Mishnah; several Midrashim; and, under the auspices of Pope Leo X., the first complete editions of the Babylonian Talmud (with the commentaries of Rashi, Tosafot, and R. Asher b. Jehiel) and the Jerusalem Talmud. In the selection and editing of works to be printed he was assisted by Ḥiyya b. Meïr (for Isserlein), Baruch Adelkind (for Colon), and Jacob b. Ḥayyim (for the Talmud), and others. The following is an approximatelycomplete list of the Hebrew works issued by Bomberg, in chronological order:

Biblia Rabbinica, ed. i., 4 parts	1516-17
Hafṭarot	1516-48
Bible, ed. i	1517
Psalms, ed. i	1518
Prayer-Book of Roman Ritual	1519
Joseph Colon's Responsa	1519
Israel Isserlein,	1519
"Liḳḳute Pardes" (extracts from various authors)	1519
Babylonian Talmud, ed. i., 15 vols. (first complete edition)	1520-23
Kiddushin	1520
Pesahim between	1520-23
Bible, ed. ii	1521
Alfasi's " Halakot"	1521-22
Psalms ed. ii	1521
Abot, ed. i	1521
Megillat Setarim (Parody on Purim), ed. i.	1522
Pentateuch	1522
Moses de Coucy, "Sefer fer Miẓwot," ed. i	1522
Jacob ben Asher, "Turim"	1522
Proverbs, Song of Songs and Ecclesiastes, ed. i	1522
Moses b. Naḥman, Commentary, "Baba Batra"	1523
Isaac Nathan b. Kalonymus, "Meïr Netib"	1523
Aaron ha-Levi of Barcelona, "Sefer ha- Ḥinnuk"	1523
Miḳeweh Abraham	1523
Abraham Saba, (Novellæ)	1523
Recanati on the Pentateuch.	1523
Jerusalem Talmud, ed. pr	1523
Pentateuch, Megillot, Hafṭarot, ed. i	1523
Baruch b. Isaac of Worms, "Sefer ha- Terumah"	1523
Solomon b. Adret, Novellæ on Berakot and Ḥullin	1523
Psalms, ed. iii	1524
Proverbs, Song of Songs and Ecclesiastes ed. ii	1524
Maimonides, "Yad ha- Ḥazaḳah" (2 vols.)	1524
Tefillah (Spanish ritual)	1524
Biblia Rabbinica, ed. ii., 4 parts	1524-25
Bible, ed. iii	1525-28
Abot, ed. ii	1526
Mishnah Sukkah	1526
Mishnah Ḥullin	1526
Babylonian Talmud, 15 parts, second ed.	1526-48
Pentateuch, Megillot, Hafṭarot, ed. ii	1527
Mishnah Sheḳalim	1527
Job and Daniel, ed. i.	1527
Elijah Mizraḥi, Commentary on Rashi, i	1527
Mishnah Ḳodashim and Toharot	1528
Prayer-Book (Karaitic rite)	1528-29
Tefillah (German ritual)	1529
David Ḳimḥi, "Seferha-Shorashim"	1529
R. Nathan ben Jehiel, "'Aruk"	1531-32
Pentateuch, ed. ii	1533
Psalms, ed. iv	1537
Job and Daniel, ed. ii	1538
Psalms, ed. v	1538
Proverbs, Song, and Ecclesiastes, ed. iii.	1538
Eliah Levita "Masoret ha-Masorah"	1538
Elias Levita, "Tub Ta'am"	1538
Benjamin Ze'eb's Responsa	1539
Mishnah Mo'ed Ḳaṭan	1539
Pentateuch, Megillot, Hafṭarot, eds. iii.-v	1543
Bible, ed. iv	1544
Elijah Mizraḥhi, Commentary on Rashi, ii.	1545
Mekilta	1545
Biblia Rabbinica ed. iii., 4 parts	1546-48
Hai Gaon,	1546
Pesiḳta	1546
Sifre and Sifra	1546
Yelamdenu, i. e., Tanḥuma	1546
Shoher Tob on the Psalms	1546
Moses ibn Habib, "Marpe Lashon"	1546
Abraham ibn Ezra,. "Ẓaḥut"	1546
Abraham ibn Ezra, "Moznayim"	1546
Isaac Arama, Commentary on the Pentateuch	1546
"Sha'are Dura"	1547
Levi b. Gershon, commentary on the Pentateuch	1547
Moses de Coucy, "Sefer Miẓwot," ed. ii.	1547
Pentateuch, Megillot, Hafṭarot, ed. v.	1548
Baḥya, "Ḥobot ha- Lebabot"	1548
Jacob Weil's Responsa	1549

Though not actually the father of Jewish typography, as he is sometimes called, Bomberg began a new epoch in that art, and during the latter part of his life had many rivals and imitators even at Venice; these including Francesco Brucello, the two Dei Farri brothers, Marco Antonio Giustiniani, the Bragadini, Jean de Gara, and Zanetto. Some of these having won from Bomberg his ablest assistant, Cornelius Adelkind, acquired considerable wealth in their profession; but Bomberg himself expended so much money on the paper, engravings, and types for which his works were noted, that before his death he had lost almost his whole fortune.