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ELEAZAR BEN PEDAT – See Eleazar II. (Lazar).
ELEAZAR BEN PERATA I. – Tanna of the third generation (second century); junior contemporary of Eleazar of Modi'im (Tosef., Sanh. iv. 8; Yer. Meg. i. 71c) and of Jose the Galilean (Mek., Yitro, Baḥodesh, 2). He lived through the period when, according...
ELEAZAR BEN PERATA II. – Tanna of the second and third centuries; grandson of Eleazar ben Perata I.; sometimes designated as "Eleazar b. Perata, the grandson of Eleazar b. Perata ha-Gadol" (Ket. 100a; Giṭ. 33a; Yer. Meg. iv. 75b), and also without the...
ELEAZAR BEN SAMUEL – Rabbi; born at Cracow about 1665; died at Safed, Palestine, 1742. On the completion of his studies he became dayyan of Cracow. In 1708 he accepted the rabbinate of Rakow, Poland. From there he went to Brody, where he became...
ELEAZAR BEN SAMUEL OF METZ – French tosafist; died 1198. He was a pupil of R. Tam, and is often quoted in tosafot—sometimes as "RAM," sometimes as "R. Eleazar." He wrote commentaries on Nedarim, Berakot, and Ḥullin, the last two of which Azulai saw in...
ELEAZAR B. SHAMMUA' – See Eleazar I (Lazar).
ELEAZAR BEN SIMON – Tanna of the second century. He was the son of Simon b. Yoḥai, and since he participated in many of his father's adventures, history and legend have woven an almost interminable tissue of fact and fiction concerning him (see B....
ELEAZAR B. ZADOK – See Eliezer B. Zadok.
ELEAZAR BEN ZIṬA ABU AL-SARI – Karaite Bible exegete; lived probably in Egypt in the tenth century. He supported the rigid, ascetic, and Sadducean doctrines advocated by Anan and other Karaites, though at times he opposed Anan's teaching.It is not at all...
ELEGY – See Ḳinah.
ELEPHANT – A pachydermatous mammal of the family of the Elephantidæ. It is now commonly agreed that the elephant (Elephas indicus) is indirectly mentioned in a passage of the Hebrew Bible. In I Kings x. 22 (II Chron. ix. 21), namely, it is...
ELEUTHEROPOLIS – Greek name of a city called "Bet Gubrin" in the Talmud and "Baitogabra" by Ptolemy. In the Old Testament the name can not be identified, but it probably occurs in a corrupted form (see Josephus, "B. J." ed. Niese, iv. 8, § 1)....
ELḤA'IK, UZZIEL – Rabbi and preacher in Tunis, of which place he was a native; died there 1812. He left two works which were printed long after his death: one, "Mishkenot ha-Ro'im," Leghorn, 1860, a collection of 1,499 responsa, relating to the...
ELHANAN – 1. According to II Sam. xxi. 19, R. V., the son of Jaareoregim, the Bethlehemite, who in a battle with the Philistines at Gob killed Goliath, the Gittite. According to I Chron. xx. 5, he was the son of Jair, and killed Lahmi,...
ELHANAN BEN BEZALEL URI ḤEFEẒ – Polish scholar; lived in Posen in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. He was the author of a work called "Ḳiryat Ḥannah," a commentary on Pirḳe Abot (Prague, 1612).Bibliography: Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. col. 920; Michael,...
ELHANAN HENDEL (HAENLE) BEN BENJAMIN WOLF KIRCHHAN – Ethical writer; lived at Frankfort-on-the-Main at the end of the seventeenth century and the beginning of the eighteenth. Elhanan published in Judæo-German an ethical work, "Simḥat ha-Nefesh" (Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1707). The...
ELHANAN BEN ISAAC OF DAMPIERRE – Tosafist and liturgist; martyred in 1184 (Solomon Luria, Responsa, No. 29; see Azriel). He was on his grandmother's side a grand-nephew of R. Jacob Tam. One of his pupils was Judah Sir Leon of Paris. It has been suggested that...
ELHANAN BEN ISSACHAR KATZ – Religious writer in Hebrew and Judæo-German; lived in the second half of the seventeenth century and at the beginning of the eighteenth in Prossnitz, Moravia, where he was shammash, cantor, and sofer. He was the author of the...
ELHANAN BEN SAMUEL (SANWEL) ASHKENAZI – Rabbi of Schottland, near Danzig; born in 1713; died Sept. 27, 1780. At the age of eighteen he became rabbi of Fordon, Prussia, and in 1752 first rabbi of Schottland. He wrote various Talmudic commentaries and "ḥilluḳim," or...
ELHANAN BEN SHEMARIAH – Egyptian Talmudist; flourished in the tenth and eleventh centuries. He was the son of Shemariah b. Elhanan of Kairwan, who left Egypt some time after his son Elhanan, who remained behind, had reached maturity. He wrote many...
ELHANAN B. SIMON – See Andreas.
ELI – High priest at Shiloh and judge over Israel (I Sam. i. 3, iv. 18, xiv. 3; I Kings ii. 27). He was a descendant of Aaron's fourth son Ithamar (Lev. x. 12), for it is stated that Abiathar (I Sam. xxii. 20; I Kings ii. 27) was of...
ELI B. JUDAH – See Judah B. Eli.
ELI ẒIYYON – The alphabetical hymn closing the series of "ḳinot" chanted in the northern rituals on the morning of the Fast of Ab, where it comes as a comparative relief to the series of dirges which precede it. The tune is not older than...
ELIAB – 1. Son of Helon and leader of the tribe of Zebulun at the time when the census was taken in the wilderness (Num. i. 9; ii. 7; vii. 24, 29; x. 16).2. A Reubenite, the son of Pallu or Phallu, father of Nemuel, Dathan, and Abiram...

ELEAZAR BEN PEDAT – See Eleazar II. (Lazar).

ELEAZAR BEN PERATA I. – Tanna of the third generation (second century); junior contemporary of Eleazar of Modi'im (Tosef., Sanh. iv. 8; Yer. Meg. i. 71c) and of Jose the Galilean (Mek., Yitro, Baḥodesh, 2). He lived through the period when, according...

ELEAZAR BEN PERATA II. – Tanna of the second and third centuries; grandson of Eleazar ben Perata I.; sometimes designated as "Eleazar b. Perata, the grandson of Eleazar b. Perata ha-Gadol" (Ket. 100a; Giṭ. 33a; Yer. Meg. iv. 75b), and also without the...

ELEAZAR BEN SAMUEL – Rabbi; born at Cracow about 1665; died at Safed, Palestine, 1742. On the completion of his studies he became dayyan of Cracow. In 1708 he accepted the rabbinate of Rakow, Poland. From there he went to Brody, where he became...

ELEAZAR BEN SAMUEL OF METZ – French tosafist; died 1198. He was a pupil of R. Tam, and is often quoted in tosafot—sometimes as "RAM," sometimes as "R. Eleazar." He wrote commentaries on Nedarim, Berakot, and Ḥullin, the last two of which Azulai saw in...

ELEAZAR B. SHAMMUA' – See Eleazar I (Lazar).

ELEAZAR BEN SIMON – Tanna of the second century. He was the son of Simon b. Yoḥai, and since he participated in many of his father's adventures, history and legend have woven an almost interminable tissue of fact and fiction concerning him (see B....

ELEAZAR B. ZADOK – See Eliezer B. Zadok.

ELEAZAR BEN ZIṬA ABU AL-SARI – Karaite Bible exegete; lived probably in Egypt in the tenth century. He supported the rigid, ascetic, and Sadducean doctrines advocated by Anan and other Karaites, though at times he opposed Anan's teaching.It is not at all...

ELEGY – See Ḳinah.

ELEPHANT – A pachydermatous mammal of the family of the Elephantidæ. It is now commonly agreed that the elephant (Elephas indicus) is indirectly mentioned in a passage of the Hebrew Bible. In I Kings x. 22 (II Chron. ix. 21), namely, it is...

ELEUTHEROPOLIS – Greek name of a city called "Bet Gubrin" in the Talmud and "Baitogabra" by Ptolemy. In the Old Testament the name can not be identified, but it probably occurs in a corrupted form (see Josephus, "B. J." ed. Niese, iv. 8, § 1)....

ELḤA'IK, UZZIEL – Rabbi and preacher in Tunis, of which place he was a native; died there 1812. He left two works which were printed long after his death: one, "Mishkenot ha-Ro'im," Leghorn, 1860, a collection of 1,499 responsa, relating to the...

ELHANAN – 1. According to II Sam. xxi. 19, R. V., the son of Jaareoregim, the Bethlehemite, who in a battle with the Philistines at Gob killed Goliath, the Gittite. According to I Chron. xx. 5, he was the son of Jair, and killed Lahmi,...

ELHANAN BEN BEZALEL URI ḤEFEẒ – Polish scholar; lived in Posen in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. He was the author of a work called "Ḳiryat Ḥannah," a commentary on Pirḳe Abot (Prague, 1612).Bibliography: Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. col. 920; Michael,...

ELHANAN HENDEL (HAENLE) BEN BENJAMIN WOLF KIRCHHAN – Ethical writer; lived at Frankfort-on-the-Main at the end of the seventeenth century and the beginning of the eighteenth. Elhanan published in Judæo-German an ethical work, "Simḥat ha-Nefesh" (Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1707). The...

ELHANAN BEN ISAAC OF DAMPIERRE – Tosafist and liturgist; martyred in 1184 (Solomon Luria, Responsa, No. 29; see Azriel). He was on his grandmother's side a grand-nephew of R. Jacob Tam. One of his pupils was Judah Sir Leon of Paris. It has been suggested that...

ELHANAN BEN ISSACHAR KATZ – Religious writer in Hebrew and Judæo-German; lived in the second half of the seventeenth century and at the beginning of the eighteenth in Prossnitz, Moravia, where he was shammash, cantor, and sofer. He was the author of the...

ELHANAN BEN SAMUEL (SANWEL) ASHKENAZI – Rabbi of Schottland, near Danzig; born in 1713; died Sept. 27, 1780. At the age of eighteen he became rabbi of Fordon, Prussia, and in 1752 first rabbi of Schottland. He wrote various Talmudic commentaries and "ḥilluḳim," or...

ELHANAN BEN SHEMARIAH – Egyptian Talmudist; flourished in the tenth and eleventh centuries. He was the son of Shemariah b. Elhanan of Kairwan, who left Egypt some time after his son Elhanan, who remained behind, had reached maturity. He wrote many...

ELHANAN B. SIMON – See Andreas.

ELI – High priest at Shiloh and judge over Israel (I Sam. i. 3, iv. 18, xiv. 3; I Kings ii. 27). He was a descendant of Aaron's fourth son Ithamar (Lev. x. 12), for it is stated that Abiathar (I Sam. xxii. 20; I Kings ii. 27) was of...

ELI B. JUDAH – See Judah B. Eli.

ELI ẒIYYON – The alphabetical hymn closing the series of "ḳinot" chanted in the northern rituals on the morning of the Fast of Ab, where it comes as a comparative relief to the series of dirges which precede it. The tune is not older than...

ELIAB – 1. Son of Helon and leader of the tribe of Zebulun at the time when the census was taken in the wilderness (Num. i. 9; ii. 7; vii. 24, 29; x. 16).2. A Reubenite, the son of Pallu or Phallu, father of Nemuel, Dathan, and Abiram...