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TIBERIUS JULIUS ALEXANDER – See Alexander, Tiberius Julius.
TIBNI – One of the rulers of the kingdom of Israel during the interregnum between Zimri and Omri; son of Ginath. When Zimri, after a reign of seven days, had ended his life, the people of Israel were divided into two factions, one...
TIEN-TSIN – Commercial city of China. Its Jewish inhabitants number about 150, most of whom are Russian and Polish. They have not organized as a community and hold divine services only during the penitential season, when private halls are...
TIETZ, HERMANN – German rabbi; born at Birnbaum, Posen, Germany, Sept. 3, 1834, and educatedat the University of Berlin (Ph. D. Halle). He was rabbi in Schrimm, and since 1888 he has been a "Stiftrabbiner" and teacher in the bet ha-midrash at...
TIFLIS – See Caucasus.
TIGLATH-PILESER – King of Assyria from 747 to 727 B.C.; designated by modern Oriental historians as Tiglath-pileser III. He first appears under the name "Pul" (II Kings xv. 19; comp. I Chron. v. 26), the proper form of which is "Pulu," as is seen...
TIGRIS – One of the four streams mentioned in Gen. ii. 14 as watering the Garden of Eden, and described, from the standpoint of Palestine, as flowing "in front of Assyria" (R. V.). The Tigris has its source in several springs in Mount...
TIKTIN – A Silesian family of rabbis originating from Tiktin, a town in Poland.Abraham ben Gedaliah Tiktin: German rabbi; born at Schwersenz, Posen; died at Breslau Dec. 27, 1820. In 1811 he was appointed rabbi at Glogau, and five years...
TIKTINER, JUDAH LÖB BEN SIMḤAH – Russian rabbi of the eighteenth century. He officiated as ab bet din in Zagora, and later was a resident of Wilna. Tiktiner was the author of "Shalme Simḥah" (2 vols., Wilna, 1806), containing novellæ on the halakot of Asher ben...
TIKTINER, REBECCA BAT MEÏR – Austrian authoress of the sixteenth century; flourished at Prague, where she died, apparently in 1550. She wrote two works: (1) "Meneḳet Ribḳah" (Prague, 1609; Cracow, 1618), divided into seven "gates," treating of a housewife's...
TIKTINSKI, ḤAYYIM JUDAH LÖB B. SAMUEL – Lithuanian Talmudist; born in Mir Oct. 13, 1823; died in Warsaw March 30, 1899. He was the second son of Samuel Tiktinski, founder of the yeshibah in Mir, who died in 1835, leaving his eleven-year-old son without any material...
TIMBREL – Musical instrument. In the Hebrew music of Old Testament times, as indeed in Oriental music to-day, rhythm was of much greater importance, in comparison with the melody, than it is in modern Occidental music. Accordingly...
TIMNATH-SERAH – Town in Mount Ephraim, situated on the northern slope of the hill of Gaash (Josh. xxiv. 30). It was given to Joshua as an inheritance, was fortified by him (ib. xix. 50), and served as his place of burial (ib. xxiv. 30)....
TIN – See Metals.
TIRADO, JACOB – Convert to Judaism in Amsterdam in the sixteenth century; died in Jerusalem. With several Maranos he sailed from Portugal in a vessel which was driven out of its course to Emden in East Friesland. Following the advice of Rabbi...
TIRHAKAH – King of Ethiopia (i.e., Nubia). When Sennacherib and his general (Rabshakeh) were besieging Lachish, Libnah, and Jerusalem, it was reported that Tirhakah was approaching with an army to assist the Palestinians against the...
TIRZAH – 1. Ancient Canaanitish capital (Josh. xii. 24), which, from the context, seems to have been situated in the northern part of the country. Possibly, therefore, it should be distinguished from the Israelitish capital of the same...
TISHBI, ELIJAH – See Levita, Elijah.
TISHBI, JUDAH BEN ELIJAH – Karaite scholar and liturgical poet; flourished at Belgrade in the first half of the sixteenth century; grandson of Abraham ben Judah. He copied and completed the exegetical work of his grandfather, entitled "Yesod Miḳra," and...
TISZA-ESZLAR AFFAIR – Origin of the Accusation. Accusation of ritual murder brought against the Jews of Tisza-Eszlar, a Hungarian town situated on the Theiss. On April 1, 1882, Esther Solymosi, a Christian peasant girl fourteen years old, servant in...
TITHE – The tenth part of anything, appropriated as tax or sacrifice.—Biblical Data: Tithing one's possessions was a very ancient custom, existing as early as the time of the Patriarchs. Abraham gave Melchizedek "tithes of all" (Gen....
TITLE-PAGE – Title-Page of "Sefer Niẓẓaḥon," Altdorf, 1644.(From the Sulzberger collection in the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, New York.)Hebrew incunabula, like manuscripts, were mostly provided with colophons, which served as...
TITLES OF HEBREW BOOKS – In Hebrew literature, books, with few exceptions, are recognized by their titles independently of their authors' names. Citations from and references to the "Pene Yehoshua'," or "Sha'agat Aryeh," are often made by students who...
TITLES OF HONOR – Words and phrases applied to persons to distinguish their noble birth, or their official or social rank and station, or as marks of acknowledgment of their learning and piety.Origin. —Biblical Data: The title "adon" = "lord" was...
TITUS – Emperor of Rome from 79 to 81; born in 39 or 41; died Sept. 13, 81; son of Vespasian, the conqueror of Jerusalem. He was educated at the courts of Claudius and Nero. Titus served first in Germany and later in Britain under his...

TIBERIUS JULIUS ALEXANDER – See Alexander, Tiberius Julius.

TIBNI – One of the rulers of the kingdom of Israel during the interregnum between Zimri and Omri; son of Ginath. When Zimri, after a reign of seven days, had ended his life, the people of Israel were divided into two factions, one...

TIEN-TSIN – Commercial city of China. Its Jewish inhabitants number about 150, most of whom are Russian and Polish. They have not organized as a community and hold divine services only during the penitential season, when private halls are...

TIETZ, HERMANN – German rabbi; born at Birnbaum, Posen, Germany, Sept. 3, 1834, and educatedat the University of Berlin (Ph. D. Halle). He was rabbi in Schrimm, and since 1888 he has been a "Stiftrabbiner" and teacher in the bet ha-midrash at...

TIFLIS – See Caucasus.

TIGLATH-PILESER – King of Assyria from 747 to 727 B.C.; designated by modern Oriental historians as Tiglath-pileser III. He first appears under the name "Pul" (II Kings xv. 19; comp. I Chron. v. 26), the proper form of which is "Pulu," as is seen...

TIGRIS – One of the four streams mentioned in Gen. ii. 14 as watering the Garden of Eden, and described, from the standpoint of Palestine, as flowing "in front of Assyria" (R. V.). The Tigris has its source in several springs in Mount...

TIKTIN – A Silesian family of rabbis originating from Tiktin, a town in Poland.Abraham ben Gedaliah Tiktin: German rabbi; born at Schwersenz, Posen; died at Breslau Dec. 27, 1820. In 1811 he was appointed rabbi at Glogau, and five years...

TIKTINER, JUDAH LÖB BEN SIMḤAH – Russian rabbi of the eighteenth century. He officiated as ab bet din in Zagora, and later was a resident of Wilna. Tiktiner was the author of "Shalme Simḥah" (2 vols., Wilna, 1806), containing novellæ on the halakot of Asher ben...

TIKTINER, REBECCA BAT MEÏR – Austrian authoress of the sixteenth century; flourished at Prague, where she died, apparently in 1550. She wrote two works: (1) "Meneḳet Ribḳah" (Prague, 1609; Cracow, 1618), divided into seven "gates," treating of a housewife's...

TIKTINSKI, ḤAYYIM JUDAH LÖB B. SAMUEL – Lithuanian Talmudist; born in Mir Oct. 13, 1823; died in Warsaw March 30, 1899. He was the second son of Samuel Tiktinski, founder of the yeshibah in Mir, who died in 1835, leaving his eleven-year-old son without any material...

TIMBREL – Musical instrument. In the Hebrew music of Old Testament times, as indeed in Oriental music to-day, rhythm was of much greater importance, in comparison with the melody, than it is in modern Occidental music. Accordingly...

TIMNATH-SERAH – Town in Mount Ephraim, situated on the northern slope of the hill of Gaash (Josh. xxiv. 30). It was given to Joshua as an inheritance, was fortified by him (ib. xix. 50), and served as his place of burial (ib. xxiv. 30)....

TIN – See Metals.

TIRADO, JACOB – Convert to Judaism in Amsterdam in the sixteenth century; died in Jerusalem. With several Maranos he sailed from Portugal in a vessel which was driven out of its course to Emden in East Friesland. Following the advice of Rabbi...

TIRHAKAH – King of Ethiopia (i.e., Nubia). When Sennacherib and his general (Rabshakeh) were besieging Lachish, Libnah, and Jerusalem, it was reported that Tirhakah was approaching with an army to assist the Palestinians against the...

TIRZAH – 1. Ancient Canaanitish capital (Josh. xii. 24), which, from the context, seems to have been situated in the northern part of the country. Possibly, therefore, it should be distinguished from the Israelitish capital of the same...

TISHBI, ELIJAH – See Levita, Elijah.

TISHBI, JUDAH BEN ELIJAH – Karaite scholar and liturgical poet; flourished at Belgrade in the first half of the sixteenth century; grandson of Abraham ben Judah. He copied and completed the exegetical work of his grandfather, entitled "Yesod Miḳra," and...

TISZA-ESZLAR AFFAIR – Origin of the Accusation. Accusation of ritual murder brought against the Jews of Tisza-Eszlar, a Hungarian town situated on the Theiss. On April 1, 1882, Esther Solymosi, a Christian peasant girl fourteen years old, servant in...

TITHE – The tenth part of anything, appropriated as tax or sacrifice.—Biblical Data: Tithing one's possessions was a very ancient custom, existing as early as the time of the Patriarchs. Abraham gave Melchizedek "tithes of all" (Gen....

TITLE-PAGE – Title-Page of "Sefer Niẓẓaḥon," Altdorf, 1644.(From the Sulzberger collection in the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, New York.)Hebrew incunabula, like manuscripts, were mostly provided with colophons, which served as...

TITLES OF HEBREW BOOKS – In Hebrew literature, books, with few exceptions, are recognized by their titles independently of their authors' names. Citations from and references to the "Pene Yehoshua'," or "Sha'agat Aryeh," are often made by students who...

TITLES OF HONOR – Words and phrases applied to persons to distinguish their noble birth, or their official or social rank and station, or as marks of acknowledgment of their learning and piety.Origin. —Biblical Data: The title "adon" = "lord" was...

TITUS – Emperor of Rome from 79 to 81; born in 39 or 41; died Sept. 13, 81; son of Vespasian, the conqueror of Jerusalem. He was educated at the courts of Claudius and Nero. Titus served first in Germany and later in Britain under his...