JewishEncyclopedia.com

METHODOLOGY – See Talmud.
METROLOGY – See Weights and Measures.
METUENTES – Term used in the Latin inscriptions by Juvenal for Jewish proselytes. It corresponds to the Greek term σεβόμενοι τὸν Θεόν, which occurs in Josephus ("Ant." xiv. 72, ed. Niese) and in Acts x. 2, 22; xiii. 16, 26, 43, 50; xvi. 14;...
METURGEMAN – With the return of the exiles from captivity the religious instruction of the people was put into the hands of the Levites (Neh. viii. 7-9; II Chron. xvii. 8, 9; xxxv. 3). These functionaries were called ("teachers"). In all...
METZ – Early Conditions. German fortified city in Lorraine; it has a population of 58,462, including 1,451 Jews. According to ancient chronicles, Jews had settled in Metz in the year 221; they enjoyed municipal freedom, and lived on...
METZ, ISAAC – German scholar; lived at Hamburg in the first half of the nineteenth century. He compiled a catalogue, entitled "Ḳehillat Dawid," of David Oppenheimer's library (translated into Latin by Lazar Embden, Hamburg, 1826). To this...
METZLER-LÖWY, PAULINE – Austrian contralto singer; born at Theresienstadt, Bohemia, Aug. 31, 1853. At the age of seven she entered the Prague Conservatorium, where she studied for four years. Graduating with honors, she immediately received an...
MEXICO – See South and Central America.
MEYER, ADOLPH – American congressman; born at New Orleans, La., Oct. 19, 1842. He was a student at the University of Virginia when the Civil war broke out; and in 1862 he entered the Confederate army, serving until the close of the war on the...
MEYER, ALBERT – Danish tenor singer; born Oct. 29, 1839, at Sorö, Zealand. In 1860 he sang in the chorus of the Royal Theater, Copenhagen, where he received instruction from H. Rung. He subsequently appeared at several concerts, and had just,...
MEYER, ANNIE – American writer; born in New York city Feb. 19, 1867. She early revealed literary gifts, and articles from her pen appeared in "The Critic," "Harper's Bazar," "Lippincott's Magazine," and "The Bookman." The best-known of her...
MEYER, ARTHUR – French journalist; born at Havre 1846. When still a youth he went to Paris and bought and edited the "Revue de Paris," which, however, was soon discontinued. For nearly twenty years he reported for "Le Gaulois" and "Paris...
MEYER, DAVID AMSEL – Danish financier; born in Copenhagen Jan. 18, 1753; died there Aug. 30, 1813. Meyer started in business for himself at a very early age, and during the period of general prosperity in the last decade of the eighteenth century...
MEYER, EDVARD – Danish journalist and author; born Aug. 6, 1813, in Copenhagen; died there Aug. 4, 1880. He was the son of very poor parents and received little or no education during his boyhood, which he spent in a Jewish charitable...
MEYER, ERNST – Danish genre painter; born May 11, 1797, at Altona, Sleswick-Holstein; died in Rome Feb. 1, 1861. He studied at the Academy of Arts and in Lorentzen's Malerskole ("painters' school") in Copenhagen, and became, in 1814, a pupil...
MEYER, FRIEDERICH CHRISTIAN – Jewish convert to Christianity; born at Hamburg in the second half of the seventeenth century; died in Belgium about 1738. After having been baptized at Bremen, he became a missionary and traveled for thirty years. He was the...
MEYER, LEOPOLD – Danish physician; born in Copenhagen Nov. 1, 1852. After graduating from the university of that city (M.D. 1880) he went abroad to study obstetrics, and on his return became privat-docent in gynecology at his alma mater. In 1897...
MEYER, LOUIS – Polish poet; born in the village of Sluzewo (Sluzhew), government of Warsaw, Russian Poland, 1796; died March 25, 1869. He was sent in 1810 by his father to Berlin, where he prepared himself for a business career, at the same...
MEYER, LUDWIG – German psychiatrist; born at Bielefeld Dec. 27, 1827; died at Göttingen Feb. 8, 1900. He studied medicine at the universities of Bonn, Würzburg, and Berlin (M.D. 1852), and became assistant at the Charité Hospital in the...
MEYER, LUDWIG BEATUS – Danish author; born in Gandersheim, Brunswick, Jan. 3, 1780; died in Copenhagen July 28, 1854. From 1802 to 1805 he lived in the latter city as a private teacher, being subsequently appointed tutor in the family of Count...
MEYER, MORITZ – German physician; born at Berlin Nov. 10, 1821; died there Oct. 30, 1893. After studying at the universities of Heidelberg, Halle, and Berlin (M.D. 1844), he settled in Berlin in 1845, where he practised until his death. Meyer...
MEYER, M. WILHELM – German astronomer; born at Brunswick Feb. 15, 1853. He first engaged in the book-trade, but soon gave it up and pursued astronomical studies at the universities and observatories at Göttingen, Leipsic, and Zurich. In 1876 he...
MEYER, RACHEL – German authoress; born in Danzig March 11, 1806; died in Berlin Feb. 8, 1874. A few years after the death of her sister Frederika, she married the latter's husband. While devoting herself to charity and teaching, she found time...
MEYER, SAMUEL – German rabbi; born in Hanover Feb. 26, 1819; died there July 5, 1882. He studied Talmud in his native city and at Frankfort-on-the-Main, and attended the University of Bonn. In 1845 he was chosen successor to Nathan Adler as...
MEYER, SARA (BARONIN VON GROTTHUSZ) – German authoress, and leader of a salon; born in Berlin in the latter half of the eighteenth century; died at Oranienburg Dec. 11, 1828. She wrote many stories, dramas, and political and moral essays in German and French, her...

METHODOLOGY – See Talmud.

METROLOGY – See Weights and Measures.

METUENTES – Term used in the Latin inscriptions by Juvenal for Jewish proselytes. It corresponds to the Greek term σεβόμενοι τὸν Θεόν, which occurs in Josephus ("Ant." xiv. 72, ed. Niese) and in Acts x. 2, 22; xiii. 16, 26, 43, 50; xvi. 14;...

METURGEMAN – With the return of the exiles from captivity the religious instruction of the people was put into the hands of the Levites (Neh. viii. 7-9; II Chron. xvii. 8, 9; xxxv. 3). These functionaries were called ("teachers"). In all...

METZ – Early Conditions. German fortified city in Lorraine; it has a population of 58,462, including 1,451 Jews. According to ancient chronicles, Jews had settled in Metz in the year 221; they enjoyed municipal freedom, and lived on...

METZ, ISAAC – German scholar; lived at Hamburg in the first half of the nineteenth century. He compiled a catalogue, entitled "Ḳehillat Dawid," of David Oppenheimer's library (translated into Latin by Lazar Embden, Hamburg, 1826). To this...

METZLER-LÖWY, PAULINE – Austrian contralto singer; born at Theresienstadt, Bohemia, Aug. 31, 1853. At the age of seven she entered the Prague Conservatorium, where she studied for four years. Graduating with honors, she immediately received an...

MEXICO – See South and Central America.

MEYER, ADOLPH – American congressman; born at New Orleans, La., Oct. 19, 1842. He was a student at the University of Virginia when the Civil war broke out; and in 1862 he entered the Confederate army, serving until the close of the war on the...

MEYER, ALBERT – Danish tenor singer; born Oct. 29, 1839, at Sorö, Zealand. In 1860 he sang in the chorus of the Royal Theater, Copenhagen, where he received instruction from H. Rung. He subsequently appeared at several concerts, and had just,...

MEYER, ANNIE – American writer; born in New York city Feb. 19, 1867. She early revealed literary gifts, and articles from her pen appeared in "The Critic," "Harper's Bazar," "Lippincott's Magazine," and "The Bookman." The best-known of her...

MEYER, ARTHUR – French journalist; born at Havre 1846. When still a youth he went to Paris and bought and edited the "Revue de Paris," which, however, was soon discontinued. For nearly twenty years he reported for "Le Gaulois" and "Paris...

MEYER, DAVID AMSEL – Danish financier; born in Copenhagen Jan. 18, 1753; died there Aug. 30, 1813. Meyer started in business for himself at a very early age, and during the period of general prosperity in the last decade of the eighteenth century...

MEYER, EDVARD – Danish journalist and author; born Aug. 6, 1813, in Copenhagen; died there Aug. 4, 1880. He was the son of very poor parents and received little or no education during his boyhood, which he spent in a Jewish charitable...

MEYER, ERNST – Danish genre painter; born May 11, 1797, at Altona, Sleswick-Holstein; died in Rome Feb. 1, 1861. He studied at the Academy of Arts and in Lorentzen's Malerskole ("painters' school") in Copenhagen, and became, in 1814, a pupil...

MEYER, FRIEDERICH CHRISTIAN – Jewish convert to Christianity; born at Hamburg in the second half of the seventeenth century; died in Belgium about 1738. After having been baptized at Bremen, he became a missionary and traveled for thirty years. He was the...

MEYER, LEOPOLD – Danish physician; born in Copenhagen Nov. 1, 1852. After graduating from the university of that city (M.D. 1880) he went abroad to study obstetrics, and on his return became privat-docent in gynecology at his alma mater. In 1897...

MEYER, LOUIS – Polish poet; born in the village of Sluzewo (Sluzhew), government of Warsaw, Russian Poland, 1796; died March 25, 1869. He was sent in 1810 by his father to Berlin, where he prepared himself for a business career, at the same...

MEYER, LUDWIG – German psychiatrist; born at Bielefeld Dec. 27, 1827; died at Göttingen Feb. 8, 1900. He studied medicine at the universities of Bonn, Würzburg, and Berlin (M.D. 1852), and became assistant at the Charité Hospital in the...

MEYER, LUDWIG BEATUS – Danish author; born in Gandersheim, Brunswick, Jan. 3, 1780; died in Copenhagen July 28, 1854. From 1802 to 1805 he lived in the latter city as a private teacher, being subsequently appointed tutor in the family of Count...

MEYER, MORITZ – German physician; born at Berlin Nov. 10, 1821; died there Oct. 30, 1893. After studying at the universities of Heidelberg, Halle, and Berlin (M.D. 1844), he settled in Berlin in 1845, where he practised until his death. Meyer...

MEYER, M. WILHELM – German astronomer; born at Brunswick Feb. 15, 1853. He first engaged in the book-trade, but soon gave it up and pursued astronomical studies at the universities and observatories at Göttingen, Leipsic, and Zurich. In 1876 he...

MEYER, RACHEL – German authoress; born in Danzig March 11, 1806; died in Berlin Feb. 8, 1874. A few years after the death of her sister Frederika, she married the latter's husband. While devoting herself to charity and teaching, she found time...

MEYER, SAMUEL – German rabbi; born in Hanover Feb. 26, 1819; died there July 5, 1882. He studied Talmud in his native city and at Frankfort-on-the-Main, and attended the University of Bonn. In 1845 he was chosen successor to Nathan Adler as...

MEYER, SARA (BARONIN VON GROTTHUSZ) – German authoress, and leader of a salon; born in Berlin in the latter half of the eighteenth century; died at Oranienburg Dec. 11, 1828. She wrote many stories, dramas, and political and moral essays in German and French, her...