| ZALMUNNA – Midianite king defeated and slain by Gideon (Judges viii. 5-7, 10, 12, 15, 18, 21; Ps. lxxxiii. 12 [A. V. 11]). Zalmunna is always mentioned together with Zebah, who was also a Midianite king.E. G. H. B. P. |
| ZAMENHOF, LAZARUSLUDWIG – Founder of the universal language "Esperanto"; born at Byelostok in Dec., 1859. His father, Markus Zamenhof, and his grandfather, Fabian Zamenhof, were teachers of French and German, the latter being the pioneer of general... |
| ZAMOSZ, ABRAHAM BEN ISAAC HA-KOHEN – Polish rabbi and anti-Shabbethaian of the eighteenth century; rabbi of Tarly. He was very prominent in persecuting the Shabbethaians who had established themselves in Podolia, and on this subject he corresponded with Jacob Emden... |
| ZAMOSZ, ISRAEL BEN MOSES HA-LEVI – Polish Talmudist and mathematician; born at Buberki about 1700; died at Brody April 20, 1772. He was appointed one of the lecturers in the yeshibah of Zamosz, but at the same time he occupied himself with the study of secular... |
| ZAMOSZ, JOSEPH BEN JACOB ISAAC – Polish rabbi of the eighteenth century; rabbi of Zamosz. He was the author of "Mishnat Ḥakamim" (Lemberg, 1792), an analytical work on the commandments, based on the ancient authorities and showing which laws were derived from... |
| ZAMOSZ, ẒEBI HIRSCH BEN BENJAMIN – German rabbi; born in 1740; died at Altona in 1807. He was rabbi of several communities, including Brody and Glogau, and from 1803 until his death he held the rabbinate of the three communities of Altona, Hamburg, and Wandsbeck.... |
| ZAMZAM – A sacred well in the mosque of Mecca; identified by Islamitic legend with the spring from which Hagar and Ishmael drank (Gen. xvi. 14; see Abraham ibn Ezra's commentary ad loc. and Hagar in Arabic Literature). Some Mohammedan... |
| ZANGWILL, ISRAEL – English man of letters; born in London Feb. 14, 1864. When he was young his parents moved to Bristol, where he attended the Red Cross School; and after their return to London he entered the Jews' Free School, later becoming a... |
| ZANGWILL, LOUIS – English novelist; born at Bristol, England, July 25, 1869; brother of Israel Zangwill. He was educated at Jews' Free School, and for a time acted as teacher there, but left together with his brother, and set up a printing... |
| ZANTE – Island in the Ægean Sea. According to a study, as yet unpublished, by Leonidas Zoë, a lawyer of Zante, Jews did not settle there as a community until 1498, and this statement is confirmed by the silence of Benjamin of Tudela. In... |
| ZANTE, ABRAHAM – See Abraham ben Shabbethai Cohen of Zante |
| ZAPATEIRO, JOSEPH – See Çapateiro, Joseph. |
| ZAPHNATH-PAANEAH – Name given by Pharaoh to Joseph (Gen. xli. 45). It seems to be an Egyptian name, but its etymology is in doubt. It is not plain on what (Hebrew ?) etymology the earliest explanations of Hebrew scholars were founded. Targum... |
| ZAPPERT, BRUNO – Austrian dramatist and journalist; born in Vienna Jan. 28, 1845; died there Jan. 31, 1892. The Zappert family, many members of which have gained prominence as merchants, originally settled in Bohemia, and spread thence to... |
| ZAPPERT, GEORGE – Hungarian historian and archeologist; born in Alt-Ofen Dec. 7, 1806; died in Vienna Nov. 23, 1859. The son of well-to-do parents, Zappert was educated at the Pesth gymnasium and at the University of Vienna. He began the study of... |
| ZAPPERT, ISRAEL L. – Austrian philanthropist; elder brother of George and grandfather of Bruno Zappert; born at Prague in 1795; died there in 1865. He was a grandson of Wolf Zappert, who was the founder of the family, and who was twice court... |
| ẒARA'AT – See Leprosy. |
| ẒARFATI, ẒAREFATI – Epithet frequently applied in rabbinical literature to Jews of French birth or descent. Among those so called may be mentioned: Meïr Ẓarfati, whom Carmoly sought to identify with the Meïr ha-Kohen of Narbonne who emigrated to... |