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HAIR – Biblical Data: The hair of the ancient Hebrews was generally black (comp. Cant. iv. 1, v. 11). In Eccl. xi. 10 black hair is designated as a sign of youth in contrast with the white hair of age. Josephus narrates ("Ant." xvi. 8,...
ḤAJES, MENAHEM MANUS – See Ḥayyut, Menahem.
ḤAJES, ẒEBI HIRSCH B. MEÏR – See Chajes, Ẓebi Hirsch b. Meïr.
ḤAKAM – Functions. A wise or skilful man. The word is generally used to designate a cultured and learned person: "He who says a wise thing is called a wise man ["ḥakam"], even if he be not a Jew" (Meg.16a). Hence in Talmudic-Midrashic...
ḤAḲAN, SAMUEL (SAMUEL HA-LEVI IBN ḤAKIM) – Egyptian rabbi of the sixteenth century, first at Cairo, subsequently at Jerusalem (Levi ibn Ḥabib, Responsa, Nos. 10, 110; Conforte, "Ḳore ha-Dorot," s.v. "Ashkenazi"; Joseph Taytazak, "She'erit Yehudah," ed. Salonica, 1604, p....
HA-KARMEL – Hebrew periodical, edited and published by Samuel Joseph Fuenn in Wilna. It was founded in 1860 as a weekly, and was continued as such (with the interruptions usual in the case of all Jewish periodical publications in Russia)...
HA-KEREM – See Periodicals.
HAḲḲAFOT – HAḲḲAFOT Processional circuits of the congregation in the synagogue on the Feast of Tabernacles, usually around the Almemar, reminiscent of Joshua vi. and the proceedings in the Temple related in Sukkah 45a. The procession is...
HAKKOZ – 1. A priest, chief of the seventh course, appointed by David (I Chron. xxiv. 10). In this passage the ח is considered by the Septuagint to be the definite article, the name being "Ḳoẓ." 2. Progenitor of a post-exilic priestly...
ḤAKMAN IBN ISHMAEL – Egyptian rabbi of the sixteenth century. He wrote novellæ on the Talmud and on Maimonides' "Yad," some of which were included by R. Mas'ud Ḥai b. Aaron Roḳeaḥ in his "Ma'aseh Roḳeaḥ," a commentary on the first part of the "Yad"...
HA-ḲOL – See Periodicals.
ḤALAFTA – Name of several tannaim and amoraim; frequently interchanged with Ḥalfa, Ḥalifa, Ḥilfa, Ḥilfai, Ilfa, and Taḥlifa.
ḤALAFTA – Scholar of the first and second centuries (second tannaitic generation), always cited without patronymic or cognomen; his descent is traced back to Jonadab the Rechabite (Yer. Ta'an. iv. 68a; Gen. R. xcviii. 4). He was a senior...
ḤALAFTA OF HUNA (HUGA, HEWAH, ḤEFA) – Palestinian amora of the third century; senior of R. Johanan. The latter communicates to Ḥalafta's sons a halakah in their father's name (Giṭ. 86b; Yer. Giṭ. ix. 50b).Bibliography: Frankel, Mebo, 85a.E. C. S. M....
ḤALAFTA (ḤILFAI) B. ḲARUYA, ABBA – 1. Tanna of the second century, contemporary of Gamaliel II. Gamaliel once visited him at Ḳaruya (Kiryava; see Neubauer, "G. T." p. 277), and solicited his prayers; whereupon Ḥalafta pronounced over him the blessing of Psalm xx....
ḤALAFTA OF KEFAR HANANIAH, R – Tanna of the second century; junior of R. Meïr, in whose name he transmits the legal maxim: When the condition is expressed before an obligation depending on it, the condition is valid; but when the obligation precedes the...
ḤALAKAH – Noun, derived from the verb , "to go," "to walk." The act of going or walking is expressed by , while the closely related is used only in the sense of "way of acting," "habit," "usage," "custom," and especially "guidance" and...
HALAKOT – The body of religious law which constitutes one of the three main divisions of Jewish oral tradition. Later, the singular form "halakah" was generally adopted, even in reference to a whole collection of halakot, just as...
ḤALALAH – The female issue of a priest's connection with a divorced woman or widow, a connection regarded as illegal. According to the Biblical law, a priest ("kohen") could not marry a harlot, or one "profaned" ("ḥalalah"), or a divorced...
HALÁSZ (FISCHER), IGNAZ – Hungarian philologist; born at Tés in 1855; died at Budapest April 9, 1901. He studied at the gymnasia of Veszprim and Stuhlweissenburg, and at the University of Budapest. From 1877 to 1892 he taught at the Obergymnasium of...
ḤALAYO, DAVID BEN SAMUEL – Probably a son of the Samuel Ḥalayo of Bersak ( ) who was in correspondence with Simon ben Ẓemaḥ Duran. David, who was a ḥazzan or cantor, was a pupil of Simon Duran, and it was at his suggestion that the latter wrote the...
HALBAN, HEINRICH, RITTER VON – Austrian statesman; born at Cracow 1846; died at Gastein Aug. 13, 1902. Halban, whose name was originally Blumenstock, studied law at Cracow, and went to Vienna some time before 1870, where he devoted himself to journalism. When...
HALBAN, LEO VON – See Blumenstock von Halban, Leo.
HALBERSTADT – Thirteenth to Sixteenth Century. Town in the Prussian province of Saxony. The earliest documentary evidence of the presence of Jews in Halberstadt is contained in a letter of protection from Bishop Volrad, dated 1261 (Bishop...
HALBERSTADT, ABRAHAM, BEN MENKI – German Hebraist and Talmudic scholar; died at Halberstadt about 1780. His "Pene Abraham" (unpublished), a treatise on the most difficult halakot of the Talmud, shows him to have been an authority in Talmudic matters. Besides...

HAIR – Biblical Data: The hair of the ancient Hebrews was generally black (comp. Cant. iv. 1, v. 11). In Eccl. xi. 10 black hair is designated as a sign of youth in contrast with the white hair of age. Josephus narrates ("Ant." xvi. 8,...

ḤAJES, MENAHEM MANUS – See Ḥayyut, Menahem.

ḤAJES, ẒEBI HIRSCH B. MEÏR – See Chajes, Ẓebi Hirsch b. Meïr.

ḤAKAM – Functions. A wise or skilful man. The word is generally used to designate a cultured and learned person: "He who says a wise thing is called a wise man ["ḥakam"], even if he be not a Jew" (Meg.16a). Hence in Talmudic-Midrashic...

ḤAḲAN, SAMUEL (SAMUEL HA-LEVI IBN ḤAKIM) – Egyptian rabbi of the sixteenth century, first at Cairo, subsequently at Jerusalem (Levi ibn Ḥabib, Responsa, Nos. 10, 110; Conforte, "Ḳore ha-Dorot," s.v. "Ashkenazi"; Joseph Taytazak, "She'erit Yehudah," ed. Salonica, 1604, p....

HA-KARMEL – Hebrew periodical, edited and published by Samuel Joseph Fuenn in Wilna. It was founded in 1860 as a weekly, and was continued as such (with the interruptions usual in the case of all Jewish periodical publications in Russia)...

HA-KEREM – See Periodicals.

HAḲḲAFOT – HAḲḲAFOT Processional circuits of the congregation in the synagogue on the Feast of Tabernacles, usually around the Almemar, reminiscent of Joshua vi. and the proceedings in the Temple related in Sukkah 45a. The procession is...

HAKKOZ – 1. A priest, chief of the seventh course, appointed by David (I Chron. xxiv. 10). In this passage the ח is considered by the Septuagint to be the definite article, the name being "Ḳoẓ." 2. Progenitor of a post-exilic priestly...

ḤAKMAN IBN ISHMAEL – Egyptian rabbi of the sixteenth century. He wrote novellæ on the Talmud and on Maimonides' "Yad," some of which were included by R. Mas'ud Ḥai b. Aaron Roḳeaḥ in his "Ma'aseh Roḳeaḥ," a commentary on the first part of the "Yad"...

HA-ḲOL – See Periodicals.

ḤALAFTA – Name of several tannaim and amoraim; frequently interchanged with Ḥalfa, Ḥalifa, Ḥilfa, Ḥilfai, Ilfa, and Taḥlifa.

ḤALAFTA – Scholar of the first and second centuries (second tannaitic generation), always cited without patronymic or cognomen; his descent is traced back to Jonadab the Rechabite (Yer. Ta'an. iv. 68a; Gen. R. xcviii. 4). He was a senior...

ḤALAFTA OF HUNA (HUGA, HEWAH, ḤEFA) – Palestinian amora of the third century; senior of R. Johanan. The latter communicates to Ḥalafta's sons a halakah in their father's name (Giṭ. 86b; Yer. Giṭ. ix. 50b).Bibliography: Frankel, Mebo, 85a.E. C. S. M....

ḤALAFTA (ḤILFAI) B. ḲARUYA, ABBA – 1. Tanna of the second century, contemporary of Gamaliel II. Gamaliel once visited him at Ḳaruya (Kiryava; see Neubauer, "G. T." p. 277), and solicited his prayers; whereupon Ḥalafta pronounced over him the blessing of Psalm xx....

ḤALAFTA OF KEFAR HANANIAH, R – Tanna of the second century; junior of R. Meïr, in whose name he transmits the legal maxim: When the condition is expressed before an obligation depending on it, the condition is valid; but when the obligation precedes the...

ḤALAKAH – Noun, derived from the verb , "to go," "to walk." The act of going or walking is expressed by , while the closely related is used only in the sense of "way of acting," "habit," "usage," "custom," and especially "guidance" and...

HALAKOT – The body of religious law which constitutes one of the three main divisions of Jewish oral tradition. Later, the singular form "halakah" was generally adopted, even in reference to a whole collection of halakot, just as...

ḤALALAH – The female issue of a priest's connection with a divorced woman or widow, a connection regarded as illegal. According to the Biblical law, a priest ("kohen") could not marry a harlot, or one "profaned" ("ḥalalah"), or a divorced...

HALÁSZ (FISCHER), IGNAZ – Hungarian philologist; born at Tés in 1855; died at Budapest April 9, 1901. He studied at the gymnasia of Veszprim and Stuhlweissenburg, and at the University of Budapest. From 1877 to 1892 he taught at the Obergymnasium of...

ḤALAYO, DAVID BEN SAMUEL – Probably a son of the Samuel Ḥalayo of Bersak ( ) who was in correspondence with Simon ben Ẓemaḥ Duran. David, who was a ḥazzan or cantor, was a pupil of Simon Duran, and it was at his suggestion that the latter wrote the...

HALBAN, HEINRICH, RITTER VON – Austrian statesman; born at Cracow 1846; died at Gastein Aug. 13, 1902. Halban, whose name was originally Blumenstock, studied law at Cracow, and went to Vienna some time before 1870, where he devoted himself to journalism. When...

HALBAN, LEO VON – See Blumenstock von Halban, Leo.

HALBERSTADT – Thirteenth to Sixteenth Century. Town in the Prussian province of Saxony. The earliest documentary evidence of the presence of Jews in Halberstadt is contained in a letter of protection from Bishop Volrad, dated 1261 (Bishop...

HALBERSTADT, ABRAHAM, BEN MENKI – German Hebraist and Talmudic scholar; died at Halberstadt about 1780. His "Pene Abraham" (unpublished), a treatise on the most difficult halakot of the Talmud, shows him to have been an authority in Talmudic matters. Besides...