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MALAGA – Spanish Mediterranean seaport; capital of the province of Malaga; said to have been founded by the Phenicians. Malaga was an important place of commerce in the time of the Romans and had Jewish inhabitants at a very early date....
MALBIM, MEÏR LÖB BEN JEHIEL MICHAEL – Russian rabbi, preacher, and Hebraist; born at Volochisk, Volhynia, in 1809; died at Kiev Sept. 18, 1879. The name "Malbim" is derived from the initials of his name ( ), and became his family name by frequent usage. Malbim was...
MALCHA – Russian town, in the government of Grodno. A Jewish community existed in Malcha in 1583, when, in consequence of rumors current as to the killing of a Christian laborer by the Jews, the ḳahal of Malcha invited the constable of...
MALCHIN – See Mecklenburg.
MALCHUS (CLEODEMUS THE PROPHET) – Hellenistic writer of the second century B.C. His Semitic name, "Malchus," a very common one in Phenicia and Syria but not met with among the Jews, combined with the pagan traditions abounding in his work, has given rise to...
MALEA (MALEHA; MELEA), MEÏR DE – Almoxarif mayor"; chief farmer of taxes of King Ferdinand III. (the Holy) of Castile, whose favor he gained through his honesty and zeal in the interest of the state. Don Meïr, who was versed in the Talmud and was held in high...
MALEKAR, MOSES BAPUJEE – Beni-Israel soldier; born at Bombay about 1830. He enlisted in the 12th Regiment Native Infantry April 12, 1851; was made subahdar Jan. 1, 1865; subahdar-major Feb. 15, 1878. He received the second class Order of British India...
MALICE – See Intention.
MALINOVSKI, JOSEPH – See Troki, Joseph b. Mordecai.
MALKA BEN AḤA – Gaon of Pumbedita from 771 to 773. The only fact known concerning him is that, with Ḥaninai Kahana ben Huna (765-775), he opposed Naṭronai ben Ḥabibai, who, for unknown reasons, endeavored to supplant the exilarch Zakkai ben...
MALKI, EZRA BEN RAPHAEL – Rabbi of Rhodes in the seventeenth century; brother-in-law of Hezekiah de Silva, the author of "Peri Ḥadash." Malki was the author of "Malki ba-Ḳodesh" (Salonica, 1749). This work contains novellæ on the laws of Passover given...
MALKI, RAPHAEL MORDECAI – Rabbinical scholar and physician of Palestine; lived at Safed about 1627. He was versed in astronomy and philosophy, and was the author of a commentary on the Pentateuch entitled "Perush 'al ha-Torah."Bibliography: Hazan,...
MALKUT SCHLAGEN – See Stripes.
MALTER, HENRY – American rabbi and scholar; born at Zabno, Galicia, March 23, 1867; educated at the Zabno elementary school, and at the universities of Berlin (1889-93) and Heidelberg (Ph.D. 1894). He pursued his Jewish studies at the Veitel...
MALVANO, GIACOMO – Italian diplomat; born at Turin Dec. 14, 1841. In 1862 he entered the diplomatic service, and by 1887 had become envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary; two years later he was appointed councilor of state, and shortly...
MAMON (MAMMON) – Mishnaic Hebrew and Aramaic for "riches." The word itself is given in the Sermon on the Mount. "Ye can not serve God and mammon" (Matt. vi. 24). There is no evidence that there was a Syriac god of this name, the modern idea that...
MAMRAN – A check; an expression used by Polish Jews from the end of the sixteenth to the beginningof the nineteenth century. The word is derived from "membrana," Low Latin equivalent for "promissory note." It was first used by Mordecai...
MAMZER – See Bastard.
MAN, SON OF – Individual of the species man; synonym of "man." While "ben enosh" occurs only in Ps. cxliv. 3, the term "ben adam" is found exclusively in poetic (Num. xxiii. 19; Ps. viii. 5 [A. V. 4]) and prophetic passages (Isa. li. 12; Jer....
MANASSEH – 1. The elder of two sons born before the famine to Joseph and Osnath, daughter of the priest of Heliopolis (Gen. xli. 50-51, xlvi. 20). Biblical etymology, deriving his name from (= "to forget"), makes it signify "He who causes...
MANASSEH, PRAYER OF – Greek poetic composition attributed to Manasseh, son of Hezekiah, King of Judah, "when he was holden captive in Babylon" (II Chron. xxxiii. 11-13, 18-19). It is found among the Canticles which, in some of the Septuagint...
MANASSEH BEN ISRAEL – Dutch polyhistor; born at La Rochelle about 1604 (see Bethen-court in "Jew. Chron." May 20, 1904); died at Middleburg, Netherlands, Nov. 26, 1657. After the auto da fé of Aug. 3, 1603, his parents had thought it prudent to leave...
MANASSEH, JACOB – Turkish rabbinical writer and chief rabbi of Salonica, where he died in 1832. Among his works may be mentioned: "Ohel Ya'aḳob," an alphabetical collection of the laws of religion (Salonica, 1832); "Be'er ha-Mayim," responsa (ib....
MANASSEH BEN JOSEPH OF ILYE – Russian rabbinical writer and philosopher; born at Smorgony, government of Wilna, 1767; died at Ilye, in the same government, 1831. At seven years of age he was acquainted with some original sources in rabbinical literature, but...
MANCHESTER – City in Lancashire, England, and one of the chief British manufacturing centers. It has a population of 543,969, of whom about 25,000 are Jews (the second largest Jewish community in the British empire). The history of the...

MALAGA – Spanish Mediterranean seaport; capital of the province of Malaga; said to have been founded by the Phenicians. Malaga was an important place of commerce in the time of the Romans and had Jewish inhabitants at a very early date....

MALBIM, MEÏR LÖB BEN JEHIEL MICHAEL – Russian rabbi, preacher, and Hebraist; born at Volochisk, Volhynia, in 1809; died at Kiev Sept. 18, 1879. The name "Malbim" is derived from the initials of his name ( ), and became his family name by frequent usage. Malbim was...

MALCHA – Russian town, in the government of Grodno. A Jewish community existed in Malcha in 1583, when, in consequence of rumors current as to the killing of a Christian laborer by the Jews, the ḳahal of Malcha invited the constable of...

MALCHIN – See Mecklenburg.

MALCHUS (CLEODEMUS THE PROPHET) – Hellenistic writer of the second century B.C. His Semitic name, "Malchus," a very common one in Phenicia and Syria but not met with among the Jews, combined with the pagan traditions abounding in his work, has given rise to...

MALEA (MALEHA; MELEA), MEÏR DE – Almoxarif mayor"; chief farmer of taxes of King Ferdinand III. (the Holy) of Castile, whose favor he gained through his honesty and zeal in the interest of the state. Don Meïr, who was versed in the Talmud and was held in high...

MALEKAR, MOSES BAPUJEE – Beni-Israel soldier; born at Bombay about 1830. He enlisted in the 12th Regiment Native Infantry April 12, 1851; was made subahdar Jan. 1, 1865; subahdar-major Feb. 15, 1878. He received the second class Order of British India...

MALICE – See Intention.

MALINOVSKI, JOSEPH – See Troki, Joseph b. Mordecai.

MALKA BEN AḤA – Gaon of Pumbedita from 771 to 773. The only fact known concerning him is that, with Ḥaninai Kahana ben Huna (765-775), he opposed Naṭronai ben Ḥabibai, who, for unknown reasons, endeavored to supplant the exilarch Zakkai ben...

MALKI, EZRA BEN RAPHAEL – Rabbi of Rhodes in the seventeenth century; brother-in-law of Hezekiah de Silva, the author of "Peri Ḥadash." Malki was the author of "Malki ba-Ḳodesh" (Salonica, 1749). This work contains novellæ on the laws of Passover given...

MALKI, RAPHAEL MORDECAI – Rabbinical scholar and physician of Palestine; lived at Safed about 1627. He was versed in astronomy and philosophy, and was the author of a commentary on the Pentateuch entitled "Perush 'al ha-Torah."Bibliography: Hazan,...

MALKUT SCHLAGEN – See Stripes.

MALTER, HENRY – American rabbi and scholar; born at Zabno, Galicia, March 23, 1867; educated at the Zabno elementary school, and at the universities of Berlin (1889-93) and Heidelberg (Ph.D. 1894). He pursued his Jewish studies at the Veitel...

MALVANO, GIACOMO – Italian diplomat; born at Turin Dec. 14, 1841. In 1862 he entered the diplomatic service, and by 1887 had become envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary; two years later he was appointed councilor of state, and shortly...

MAMON (MAMMON) – Mishnaic Hebrew and Aramaic for "riches." The word itself is given in the Sermon on the Mount. "Ye can not serve God and mammon" (Matt. vi. 24). There is no evidence that there was a Syriac god of this name, the modern idea that...

MAMRAN – A check; an expression used by Polish Jews from the end of the sixteenth to the beginningof the nineteenth century. The word is derived from "membrana," Low Latin equivalent for "promissory note." It was first used by Mordecai...

MAMZER – See Bastard.

MAN, SON OF – Individual of the species man; synonym of "man." While "ben enosh" occurs only in Ps. cxliv. 3, the term "ben adam" is found exclusively in poetic (Num. xxiii. 19; Ps. viii. 5 [A. V. 4]) and prophetic passages (Isa. li. 12; Jer....

MANASSEH – 1. The elder of two sons born before the famine to Joseph and Osnath, daughter of the priest of Heliopolis (Gen. xli. 50-51, xlvi. 20). Biblical etymology, deriving his name from (= "to forget"), makes it signify "He who causes...

MANASSEH, PRAYER OF – Greek poetic composition attributed to Manasseh, son of Hezekiah, King of Judah, "when he was holden captive in Babylon" (II Chron. xxxiii. 11-13, 18-19). It is found among the Canticles which, in some of the Septuagint...

MANASSEH BEN ISRAEL – Dutch polyhistor; born at La Rochelle about 1604 (see Bethen-court in "Jew. Chron." May 20, 1904); died at Middleburg, Netherlands, Nov. 26, 1657. After the auto da fé of Aug. 3, 1603, his parents had thought it prudent to leave...

MANASSEH, JACOB – Turkish rabbinical writer and chief rabbi of Salonica, where he died in 1832. Among his works may be mentioned: "Ohel Ya'aḳob," an alphabetical collection of the laws of religion (Salonica, 1832); "Be'er ha-Mayim," responsa (ib....

MANASSEH BEN JOSEPH OF ILYE – Russian rabbinical writer and philosopher; born at Smorgony, government of Wilna, 1767; died at Ilye, in the same government, 1831. At seven years of age he was acquainted with some original sources in rabbinical literature, but...

MANCHESTER – City in Lancashire, England, and one of the chief British manufacturing centers. It has a population of 543,969, of whom about 25,000 are Jews (the second largest Jewish community in the British empire). The history of the...