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UNGER, EPHRAIM SOLOMON – German educator and writer; born at Coswig-on-the-Elbe March 8, 1789; died Nov. 1, 1870. He studied philosophy, mathematics, and natural science at the University of Erfurt, and from 1810 to 1816 was privat-docent in mathematics...
UNGER, JOACHIM JACOB – Austrian rabbi; born at Homona, Hungary, Nov. 25, 1826; studied at the University of Berlin (Ph.D. 1859), and was appointed rabbi of Iglau, Moravia, in 1860. He is the author of several works, of which the following may be...
UNGER, JOSEPH – Austrian jurist and statesman; born in Vienna July 2, 1828. Having studied law at the university of his native city, he in 1850 was appointed assistant librarian, and in 1852 privat-docent, at his alma mater. The following year...
UNGER, MANASSE – German art critic; born in Coswig-on-the-Elbe March 14, 1802; died at Berlin May 17, 1868. When he was only four years of age his parents moved to Erfurt, where he received his first instruction in the art of sketching, and...
UNICORN – Rendering in the Authorized Version of the Hebrew or , following the Septuagint and the Vulgate. Aquila and Saadia, on Job xxxix. 9, read "rhinoceros"; Bochart ("Hierozoicon") and others, "oryx," or "white antelope"; Revised...
UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS, THE – Association of American Jewish congregations composed chiefly of the Reform element, and established largely through the persistent efforts, extending for a period of over twenty years, of Isaac M. Wise. The initiative was taken...
UNION ISRAÉLITE – See Periodicals.
UNION OF JEWISH LITERARY SOCIETIES – An association of societies founded in 1902 in London, England, for the diffusion of Jewish literature, history, and sociology, and for the coordination of the work of Jewish literary societies. The organization grew out of a...
UNITARIANISM – A denomination of the Christian Church which rejects the doctrine of the Trinity. One of the Protestant sects that developed out of the Reformation, it is found under various names, first in Poland in the second half of the...
UNITED STATES – A federal republic of North America. The history and condition of the Jews in this territory—apart from Russia and Austria the largest concourse of Israelites under one government in the world—is treated, for convenience, under...
UNITED STATES OF COLOMBIA – See South and Central America.
UNITED SYNAGOGUE – A body composed of sixteen synagogues in London, England, constituted in 1870 by Act of Parliament (33 and 34 Victoria, cap. 116). Originally the "city" synagogues, as the Jewish places of worship within the borders of the city...
UNIVERS ISRAÉLITE, L' – See Periodicals.
UNIVERSITIES – Places of higher and liberal learning, so called from the Latin word "universitas," signifying an association or a corporation. There are traditions of the connection of Jews with the medieval universities of Salerno and...
UNLEAVENED BREAD – See Maẓẓah.
UNNA, PAUL GERSON – German physician and dermatologist; born at Hamburg Sept. 8, 1850; son of Moritz Adolph Unna; educated at the universities of Heidelberg, Leipsic, and Strasburg (M.D. 1875). He was severely wounded in the Franco-Prussian war, in...
UNTERFÜHRER – See Marriage Ceremonies.
UR – A locality mentioned four times in the Bible (Gen. xi. 28, 31; xv. 7; Neh. ix. 7) with the qualification (= "of the Kasdim," or Chaldees), and described as the original home of Abram. Modern scholars, with few exceptions, are...
URANIA – Daughter of Abraham the Precentor, of Worms, who herself acted as precentor in the women's synagogue in that city before 1275. See Sagerin.A. F. L. C.
URBINO – Maestro Daniele. Italian city; capital of the province of Pesaro e Urbino; originally the capital of the duchy of Urbino, and later a portion of the States of the Church. Jews seem to have resided in the city as early as the...
URBINO – Italian family, originating in the city of the same name. The following important members are cited in chronological order:Solomon d'Urbino: Lived at Urbino in the early part of the fourteenth century, where he enjoyed the favor...
URI – See Switzerland.

UNGER, EPHRAIM SOLOMON – German educator and writer; born at Coswig-on-the-Elbe March 8, 1789; died Nov. 1, 1870. He studied philosophy, mathematics, and natural science at the University of Erfurt, and from 1810 to 1816 was privat-docent in mathematics...

UNGER, JOACHIM JACOB – Austrian rabbi; born at Homona, Hungary, Nov. 25, 1826; studied at the University of Berlin (Ph.D. 1859), and was appointed rabbi of Iglau, Moravia, in 1860. He is the author of several works, of which the following may be...

UNGER, JOSEPH – Austrian jurist and statesman; born in Vienna July 2, 1828. Having studied law at the university of his native city, he in 1850 was appointed assistant librarian, and in 1852 privat-docent, at his alma mater. The following year...

UNGER, MANASSE – German art critic; born in Coswig-on-the-Elbe March 14, 1802; died at Berlin May 17, 1868. When he was only four years of age his parents moved to Erfurt, where he received his first instruction in the art of sketching, and...

UNICORN – Rendering in the Authorized Version of the Hebrew or , following the Septuagint and the Vulgate. Aquila and Saadia, on Job xxxix. 9, read "rhinoceros"; Bochart ("Hierozoicon") and others, "oryx," or "white antelope"; Revised...

UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS, THE – Association of American Jewish congregations composed chiefly of the Reform element, and established largely through the persistent efforts, extending for a period of over twenty years, of Isaac M. Wise. The initiative was taken...

UNION ISRAÉLITE – See Periodicals.

UNION OF JEWISH LITERARY SOCIETIES – An association of societies founded in 1902 in London, England, for the diffusion of Jewish literature, history, and sociology, and for the coordination of the work of Jewish literary societies. The organization grew out of a...

UNITARIANISM – A denomination of the Christian Church which rejects the doctrine of the Trinity. One of the Protestant sects that developed out of the Reformation, it is found under various names, first in Poland in the second half of the...

UNITED STATES – A federal republic of North America. The history and condition of the Jews in this territory—apart from Russia and Austria the largest concourse of Israelites under one government in the world—is treated, for convenience, under...

UNITED STATES OF COLOMBIA – See South and Central America.

UNITED SYNAGOGUE – A body composed of sixteen synagogues in London, England, constituted in 1870 by Act of Parliament (33 and 34 Victoria, cap. 116). Originally the "city" synagogues, as the Jewish places of worship within the borders of the city...

UNIVERS ISRAÉLITE, L' – See Periodicals.

UNIVERSITIES – Places of higher and liberal learning, so called from the Latin word "universitas," signifying an association or a corporation. There are traditions of the connection of Jews with the medieval universities of Salerno and...

UNLEAVENED BREAD – See Maẓẓah.

UNNA, PAUL GERSON – German physician and dermatologist; born at Hamburg Sept. 8, 1850; son of Moritz Adolph Unna; educated at the universities of Heidelberg, Leipsic, and Strasburg (M.D. 1875). He was severely wounded in the Franco-Prussian war, in...

UNTERFÜHRER – See Marriage Ceremonies.

UR – A locality mentioned four times in the Bible (Gen. xi. 28, 31; xv. 7; Neh. ix. 7) with the qualification (= "of the Kasdim," or Chaldees), and described as the original home of Abram. Modern scholars, with few exceptions, are...

URANIA – Daughter of Abraham the Precentor, of Worms, who herself acted as precentor in the women's synagogue in that city before 1275. See Sagerin.A. F. L. C.

URBINO – Maestro Daniele. Italian city; capital of the province of Pesaro e Urbino; originally the capital of the duchy of Urbino, and later a portion of the States of the Church. Jews seem to have resided in the city as early as the...

URBINO – Italian family, originating in the city of the same name. The following important members are cited in chronological order:Solomon d'Urbino: Lived at Urbino in the early part of the fourteenth century, where he enjoyed the favor...

URI – See Switzerland.