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CARPZOV, JOHANN BENEDICT II. – German Christian theologian and Hebraist; born 1639; died 1699. He was a member of a family which, like the Buxtorfs, produced a long line of distinguished scholars. He studied Hebrew under Johannes Buxtorf II. in Basel, was...
CARPZOV, JOHANN GOTTLOB – German Christian Old Testament scholar; born Sept. 26, 1679, in Dresden; died April 27, 1767, at Lübeck; nephew of Johann Benedict II., and son of Samuel Benedict; most famous and most important Biblical scholar of the Carpzov...
CARRASCO – Apologist; born at Madrid about 1670, of Marano parentage. At first an Augustin friar at Burgos and an excellent preacher, he later, on a journey to Rome, became a convert to Judaism at Leghorn. He was familiar with the writings...
CARREGAL, ḤAYYIM MOSES BEN ABRAHAM – Rabbi and editor; flourished in Palestine at the beginning of the eighteenth century, but lived in Holland for a time, engaged in gathering funds for Jerusalem. His autobiography is to be found in the introduction to his edition...
CARREGAL(Caregal, Carigal, Carrigal, Karigal, Karigel, Karigol, Kargol, Kragol), RAPHAEL ḤAYYIM ISAAC – Raphael Ḥayyim Isaac Carregal.(From a portrait in the possession of Rev. J. L. Jenkins.)Itinerant rabbi and preacher; born in Hebron, Palestine, Oct. 15, 1733; died at Barbados, West Indies, May 5, 1777. He was ordained rabbi at...
CARRETUS, LUDOVICUS – Convert to Christianity; lived at Florence in the middle of the sixteenth century. He was a native of France and was originally called "Todros Cohen." As the physician of a Spanish duke, he was with the imperial troops who...
CARRIAGE – See Chariot.
CARRIERA – See Ghetto.
CARRION DE LOS CONDES – Ancient city of Castile inhabited by Jews at an early date. Although superior to the Christians both in numbers and in property, they submitted in 1126 to the victorious king Alphonso VI., who showed himself favorably disposed...
CARRION, SANTOB DE – See Santob de Carrion.
CARSONO, CORSONO – Spanish astronomer of the fourteenth century. He was commissioned by King Pedro IV. of Aragon to translate from Catalonian into Hebrew the astronomical tables known as "The Tables of Don Pedro," which, at Don Pedro's command,...
CART – A translation of ('agalah). The cart was generally drawn by two oxen, or sometimes by cows, harnessed with cords (Isa. v. 18). It was used to convey the sacred utensils of the tabernacle (Num. vii 3-8). The Philistines returned...
CARTAGENA – Ancient city on the eastern coast of the Spanish province of Murcia, referred to in the Talmud. The Cartagena mentioned in Yer. Sheb. vi., beginning, identified in this passage with Spain, is certainly identical with theSpanish...
CARTHAGE – Ancient city and republic in northern Africa; of special interest to Jews on account of the Phenico-Semitic origin of its inhabitants, its government under the suffetes, recalling the "shofeṭim" (judges) among the Hebrews, and...
CARTHAGENA – See South America.
CARTHAGENA, DON ALFONSO DE – Convert to Christianity; son of Paul of Burgos; diedat Burgos in 1456. He was baptized when quite young by his father, and became archdeacon of Compostella. Being equally distinguished as states-man and as priest, he succeeded...
CARTOGRAPHY – See Chartography.
CARVAJAL, ANTONIO FERNANDEZ – Portuguese merchant, and first endenizened English Jew; born about 1590, probably at Fundão, Portugal; died in London Nov. 10, 1659. He appears to have left Fundão on account of the persecution of the Inquisition, and,...
CARVALHO (CARVALLO), MORDECAI BARUCH – A wealthy Tunisian merchant; died Jan., 1785, at an advanced age. He devoted part of his time to rabbinical studies, and in 1752 succeeded his teacher, Isaac Lumbroso, whose best pupil he was, as rabbi of the Leghorn...
CARVALLO, JULES – French engineer; born at Talence, Gironde, France, in 1820. After having graduated with the highest honors at the Ecole Polytechnique and Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées, he was attached as engineer to the Southern Railroad; and...
CASABLANCA – Port of Morocco, Africa, on the Atlantic ocean. The Jewish community, numbering 6,000, in a total population of 20,000 inhabitants, is of recent date. The majority of its members are engaged in commerce in grain, spices, etc.;...
CASAL MAGGIORE – Town in Italy, about twenty-two miles east-southeast of Cremona. In Sept., 1485, Joshua Solomon and Moses, sons of Israel Nathan of Soncino, began to print a large Maḥzor according to the Roman ritual. In the following year they...
CASE – One of the foremost Polish rabbis and Talmudists of the end of the sixteenth century and the beginning of the seventeenth; died at Posen about 1610. His name, "Case" ( ) or "Ḳaza" ( ) is most probably only a variant of the...
CASES – Jewish Italian family that included among its members rabbis, physicians, and scholars. The more numerous branch of the family lived in Mantua; some lived in Ferrara; some emigrated to Turkey and Palestine (see Zunz, in...
CASHMORE, MICHAEL – Australian communal worker; born in 1814; died at South Melbourne Oct. 17, 1886. He was one of the oldest colonists in Victoria, having arrived in Melbourne in 1838, after a stay of two years at Sydney. Cashmore was president of...

CARPZOV, JOHANN BENEDICT II. – German Christian theologian and Hebraist; born 1639; died 1699. He was a member of a family which, like the Buxtorfs, produced a long line of distinguished scholars. He studied Hebrew under Johannes Buxtorf II. in Basel, was...

CARPZOV, JOHANN GOTTLOB – German Christian Old Testament scholar; born Sept. 26, 1679, in Dresden; died April 27, 1767, at Lübeck; nephew of Johann Benedict II., and son of Samuel Benedict; most famous and most important Biblical scholar of the Carpzov...

CARRASCO – Apologist; born at Madrid about 1670, of Marano parentage. At first an Augustin friar at Burgos and an excellent preacher, he later, on a journey to Rome, became a convert to Judaism at Leghorn. He was familiar with the writings...

CARREGAL, ḤAYYIM MOSES BEN ABRAHAM – Rabbi and editor; flourished in Palestine at the beginning of the eighteenth century, but lived in Holland for a time, engaged in gathering funds for Jerusalem. His autobiography is to be found in the introduction to his edition...

CARREGAL(Caregal, Carigal, Carrigal, Karigal, Karigel, Karigol, Kargol, Kragol), RAPHAEL ḤAYYIM ISAAC – Raphael Ḥayyim Isaac Carregal.(From a portrait in the possession of Rev. J. L. Jenkins.)Itinerant rabbi and preacher; born in Hebron, Palestine, Oct. 15, 1733; died at Barbados, West Indies, May 5, 1777. He was ordained rabbi at...

CARRETUS, LUDOVICUS – Convert to Christianity; lived at Florence in the middle of the sixteenth century. He was a native of France and was originally called "Todros Cohen." As the physician of a Spanish duke, he was with the imperial troops who...

CARRIAGE – See Chariot.

CARRIERA – See Ghetto.

CARRION DE LOS CONDES – Ancient city of Castile inhabited by Jews at an early date. Although superior to the Christians both in numbers and in property, they submitted in 1126 to the victorious king Alphonso VI., who showed himself favorably disposed...

CARRION, SANTOB DE – See Santob de Carrion.

CARSONO, CORSONO – Spanish astronomer of the fourteenth century. He was commissioned by King Pedro IV. of Aragon to translate from Catalonian into Hebrew the astronomical tables known as "The Tables of Don Pedro," which, at Don Pedro's command,...

CART – A translation of ('agalah). The cart was generally drawn by two oxen, or sometimes by cows, harnessed with cords (Isa. v. 18). It was used to convey the sacred utensils of the tabernacle (Num. vii 3-8). The Philistines returned...

CARTAGENA – Ancient city on the eastern coast of the Spanish province of Murcia, referred to in the Talmud. The Cartagena mentioned in Yer. Sheb. vi., beginning, identified in this passage with Spain, is certainly identical with theSpanish...

CARTHAGE – Ancient city and republic in northern Africa; of special interest to Jews on account of the Phenico-Semitic origin of its inhabitants, its government under the suffetes, recalling the "shofeṭim" (judges) among the Hebrews, and...

CARTHAGENA – See South America.

CARTHAGENA, DON ALFONSO DE – Convert to Christianity; son of Paul of Burgos; diedat Burgos in 1456. He was baptized when quite young by his father, and became archdeacon of Compostella. Being equally distinguished as states-man and as priest, he succeeded...

CARTOGRAPHY – See Chartography.

CARVAJAL, ANTONIO FERNANDEZ – Portuguese merchant, and first endenizened English Jew; born about 1590, probably at Fundão, Portugal; died in London Nov. 10, 1659. He appears to have left Fundão on account of the persecution of the Inquisition, and,...

CARVALHO (CARVALLO), MORDECAI BARUCH – A wealthy Tunisian merchant; died Jan., 1785, at an advanced age. He devoted part of his time to rabbinical studies, and in 1752 succeeded his teacher, Isaac Lumbroso, whose best pupil he was, as rabbi of the Leghorn...

CARVALLO, JULES – French engineer; born at Talence, Gironde, France, in 1820. After having graduated with the highest honors at the Ecole Polytechnique and Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées, he was attached as engineer to the Southern Railroad; and...

CASABLANCA – Port of Morocco, Africa, on the Atlantic ocean. The Jewish community, numbering 6,000, in a total population of 20,000 inhabitants, is of recent date. The majority of its members are engaged in commerce in grain, spices, etc.;...

CASAL MAGGIORE – Town in Italy, about twenty-two miles east-southeast of Cremona. In Sept., 1485, Joshua Solomon and Moses, sons of Israel Nathan of Soncino, began to print a large Maḥzor according to the Roman ritual. In the following year they...

CASE – One of the foremost Polish rabbis and Talmudists of the end of the sixteenth century and the beginning of the seventeenth; died at Posen about 1610. His name, "Case" ( ) or "Ḳaza" ( ) is most probably only a variant of the...

CASES – Jewish Italian family that included among its members rabbis, physicians, and scholars. The more numerous branch of the family lived in Mantua; some lived in Ferrara; some emigrated to Turkey and Palestine (see Zunz, in...

CASHMORE, MICHAEL – Australian communal worker; born in 1814; died at South Melbourne Oct. 17, 1886. He was one of the oldest colonists in Victoria, having arrived in Melbourne in 1838, after a stay of two years at Sydney. Cashmore was president of...