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LÖWY, ALBERT – English rabbi and communal worker; born at Aussee, Moravia, Dec., 1816. He studied first at Olmütz, and then moved to Vienna, where under Professor Steinschneider he began a systematic study of Hebrew and Arabic. A few years...
LÖWY, JACOB EZEKIEL – German rabbi and author; born at Hotzenplotz, Austrian Silesia, Aug. 24, 1814; died at Beuthen Nov. 20, 1864. After attending various yeshibot in his native country, he became a pupil of Wolf Löw in Nagy Tapolcsany, and then,...
LUAḤ – See Almanac; Calendar.
LUBARSKY, HESCHEL ABRAMOVICH – Russian writer; born at Balta Sept., 1878. He was educated in a family of Ḥasidim, in the Odessa Commercial School, and in the Riga Polytechnical Institute. In 1897, while a student in the latter institute, he joined the Zionist...
LÜBECK – Free city of Germany; situated on the River Trave, not far from the Baltic Sea; it forms, with the surrounding territory, a free state. In 1900 it had a population of 82,813, including 663 Jews. Like most of the free cities of...
LUBELSKI, PHILIPP – Polish physician; born at Zamosc 1788; died at Warsaw Feb. 3, 1879. He began his career as an army surgeon under Napoleon I., who created him an officer of the Legion of Honor. After the close of the Franco-Russian war Lubelski...
LUBLIN – City of Russian Poland, in the government of the same name; situated 60 miles southeast of Warsaw; in importance the third city of Poland. Numbers of Jews were living in Lublin in the fourteenth century. They were not allowed to...
LUBLIN, MEÏR BEN GEDALIAH (MaHaRaM) – Polish rabbi; born at Lublin (?) 1558; died there May 3, 1616. He was descended from a family of rabbis, and he speaks of his father as being an eminent Talmudist (Maharam, Responsa, No. 1). His principal teacher was his...
LUBLINER, HUGO – German dramatist; born at Breslau April 22, 1846. He studied at the industrial school in Berlin, and became manager of a cotton and woolen mill. Inclination led him to dramatic composition. At first he wrote occasionally only,...
LUBLINER, OZIASZ LOUIS (LUDWIK) – Polish writer; born 1809; died at Warsaw 1868. After the Polish revolution of 1831 he settled in Brussels, where he published "Des Juifs en Pologne," an examination of the condition of the Jews in Russia from the historical,...
LUBLINSKY, SOLOMON – German journalist and writer; born at Johannisberg, Prussia, Feb. 18,1868. He was occupied for a time as a clerk in a second-hand bookstore at Venice, after which he engaged in journalism at Berlin. He is now (1904) among the...
LUBOML – Town in the government of Volhynia, Russia. Jews lived there as early as the sixteenth century, though the attitude of the Christian inhabitants toward them was distinctly hostile. In 1557 the Jewish community resolved that none...
LUCAS, LOUIS ARTHUR – African explorer; born in London Sept. 22, 1851; died at sea Nov. 20, 1876. After traveling in the United States (1872) and Egypt (1873), he organized an expedition to explore the Kongo. He left London Sept. 2, 1875, and arrived...
LUCCA – City of Tuscany, Italy. Its Jewish community is known in literature especially through the Kalonymus family of Lucca, whose ancestor saved the life of the German emperor Otto II. after the battle of Cotrone in Calabria (982),...
LUCENA – City near Cordova, Spain, magnificently situated, and surrounded by strong walls and wide moats. In early times it was inhabited almost exclusively by Jews who had arrived together with its founders; hence it was called "Jews'...
LUCERNE – City of Switzerland, in the canton of the same name. Jews were living there as early as the middle of the thirteenth century. The earliest records of the town contain regulations for the sale of the flesh of animals slaughtered...
LUCIFER – Septuagint translation of "Helel [read "Helal"] ben Shaḥar" (= "the brilliant one," "son of the morning"), name of the day, or morning, star, to whose mythical fate that of the King of Babylon is compared in the prophetic vision...
LUCUAS – Toward the end of the reign of the emperor Trajan, in 116, the Jews of Cyrene rebelled, their leader being Lucuas according to Eusebius ("Hist. Eccl." iv. 2), Andreias according to Dio Cassius (lxviii. 32). These two statements...
LUDASSY (GANS), MORIZ – Hungarian journalist; born at Komorn in 1825; died at Reichenau Aug. 29, 1885. As early as 1848 he was editor of the "Esti Lapok" in Budapest and of the "Magyar Világ," advocating in both periodicals the cause of the...
LUKE – See New Testament.
LULAB – Name given to the festive palm-branch which with the Etrog is carried and waved on the Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot). The three constituents of the lulab are: (1) a shoot of the palm-tree in its folded state before the leaves...
LULIANI BEN ṬABRIN – Palestinian scholar of the beginning of the fourth century. The name, which is the equivalent of "Julianus ben Tiberianus," has been corrupted into in Pesiḳ. R. 7 (ed. Friedmann, p. 26a). His father's name, the usual form of...
LUMBROSO – See Lombroso.
LUMBROZO, JACOB – Physician, planter, and trader resident in the palatinate of Maryland, America, in the middle of the seventeenth century; born at Lisbon; died between Sept. 24, 1665, and May 31, 1666. From Portugal he removed to Holland, and...
LUMLEY, BENJAMIN – Director of Her Majesty's Theatre, Drury Lane, London; born in Canada 1811; died in London March 17, 1875. He was the son of Louis Levy, a Canadian merchant who died in London about 1831. Benjamin was educated at King Edward's...

LÖWY, ALBERT – English rabbi and communal worker; born at Aussee, Moravia, Dec., 1816. He studied first at Olmütz, and then moved to Vienna, where under Professor Steinschneider he began a systematic study of Hebrew and Arabic. A few years...

LÖWY, JACOB EZEKIEL – German rabbi and author; born at Hotzenplotz, Austrian Silesia, Aug. 24, 1814; died at Beuthen Nov. 20, 1864. After attending various yeshibot in his native country, he became a pupil of Wolf Löw in Nagy Tapolcsany, and then,...

LUAḤ – See Almanac; Calendar.

LUBARSKY, HESCHEL ABRAMOVICH – Russian writer; born at Balta Sept., 1878. He was educated in a family of Ḥasidim, in the Odessa Commercial School, and in the Riga Polytechnical Institute. In 1897, while a student in the latter institute, he joined the Zionist...

LÜBECK – Free city of Germany; situated on the River Trave, not far from the Baltic Sea; it forms, with the surrounding territory, a free state. In 1900 it had a population of 82,813, including 663 Jews. Like most of the free cities of...

LUBELSKI, PHILIPP – Polish physician; born at Zamosc 1788; died at Warsaw Feb. 3, 1879. He began his career as an army surgeon under Napoleon I., who created him an officer of the Legion of Honor. After the close of the Franco-Russian war Lubelski...

LUBLIN – City of Russian Poland, in the government of the same name; situated 60 miles southeast of Warsaw; in importance the third city of Poland. Numbers of Jews were living in Lublin in the fourteenth century. They were not allowed to...

LUBLIN, MEÏR BEN GEDALIAH (MaHaRaM) – Polish rabbi; born at Lublin (?) 1558; died there May 3, 1616. He was descended from a family of rabbis, and he speaks of his father as being an eminent Talmudist (Maharam, Responsa, No. 1). His principal teacher was his...

LUBLINER, HUGO – German dramatist; born at Breslau April 22, 1846. He studied at the industrial school in Berlin, and became manager of a cotton and woolen mill. Inclination led him to dramatic composition. At first he wrote occasionally only,...

LUBLINER, OZIASZ LOUIS (LUDWIK) – Polish writer; born 1809; died at Warsaw 1868. After the Polish revolution of 1831 he settled in Brussels, where he published "Des Juifs en Pologne," an examination of the condition of the Jews in Russia from the historical,...

LUBLINSKY, SOLOMON – German journalist and writer; born at Johannisberg, Prussia, Feb. 18,1868. He was occupied for a time as a clerk in a second-hand bookstore at Venice, after which he engaged in journalism at Berlin. He is now (1904) among the...

LUBOML – Town in the government of Volhynia, Russia. Jews lived there as early as the sixteenth century, though the attitude of the Christian inhabitants toward them was distinctly hostile. In 1557 the Jewish community resolved that none...

LUCAS, LOUIS ARTHUR – African explorer; born in London Sept. 22, 1851; died at sea Nov. 20, 1876. After traveling in the United States (1872) and Egypt (1873), he organized an expedition to explore the Kongo. He left London Sept. 2, 1875, and arrived...

LUCCA – City of Tuscany, Italy. Its Jewish community is known in literature especially through the Kalonymus family of Lucca, whose ancestor saved the life of the German emperor Otto II. after the battle of Cotrone in Calabria (982),...

LUCENA – City near Cordova, Spain, magnificently situated, and surrounded by strong walls and wide moats. In early times it was inhabited almost exclusively by Jews who had arrived together with its founders; hence it was called "Jews'...

LUCERNE – City of Switzerland, in the canton of the same name. Jews were living there as early as the middle of the thirteenth century. The earliest records of the town contain regulations for the sale of the flesh of animals slaughtered...

LUCIFER – Septuagint translation of "Helel [read "Helal"] ben Shaḥar" (= "the brilliant one," "son of the morning"), name of the day, or morning, star, to whose mythical fate that of the King of Babylon is compared in the prophetic vision...

LUCUAS – Toward the end of the reign of the emperor Trajan, in 116, the Jews of Cyrene rebelled, their leader being Lucuas according to Eusebius ("Hist. Eccl." iv. 2), Andreias according to Dio Cassius (lxviii. 32). These two statements...

LUDASSY (GANS), MORIZ – Hungarian journalist; born at Komorn in 1825; died at Reichenau Aug. 29, 1885. As early as 1848 he was editor of the "Esti Lapok" in Budapest and of the "Magyar Világ," advocating in both periodicals the cause of the...

LUKE – See New Testament.

LULAB – Name given to the festive palm-branch which with the Etrog is carried and waved on the Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot). The three constituents of the lulab are: (1) a shoot of the palm-tree in its folded state before the leaves...

LULIANI BEN ṬABRIN – Palestinian scholar of the beginning of the fourth century. The name, which is the equivalent of "Julianus ben Tiberianus," has been corrupted into in Pesiḳ. R. 7 (ed. Friedmann, p. 26a). His father's name, the usual form of...

LUMBROSO – See Lombroso.

LUMBROZO, JACOB – Physician, planter, and trader resident in the palatinate of Maryland, America, in the middle of the seventeenth century; born at Lisbon; died between Sept. 24, 1665, and May 31, 1666. From Portugal he removed to Holland, and...

LUMLEY, BENJAMIN – Director of Her Majesty's Theatre, Drury Lane, London; born in Canada 1811; died in London March 17, 1875. He was the son of Louis Levy, a Canadian merchant who died in London about 1831. Benjamin was educated at King Edward's...