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BEUGNOT, AUGUSTE ARTHUR, COUNT – French statesman and scholar; born at Bar-sur-Aube March, 1797; died at Paris March 15, 1865. Originally he adopted the profession of advocate, but soon abandoned it in order to devote himself entirely to the study of history,...
BEUTHEN – City of Prussian Silesia. No precise information is forthcoming as to when Jews first settled in the city. The mention of Beuthen in the Mainzer Memorbuch (year 1231) is uncertain; but it is known that Jews lived there as early...
BEVIS MARKS GAZETTE – See Periodicals.
BEVIS MARKS SYNAGOGUE – The oldest Jewish house of worship in London; established by the Sephardic Jews in 1698, when Rabbi David Nieto took spiritual charge of the congregation. At that time the worshipers met in a small synagogue in Cree Church lane;...
BEẒAH – Name of a Talmudic treatise of Seder Mo'ed, the second of the six "sedarim" or orders of the Talmud. Its place in the Seder is not fixed. In the Babylonian Talmud it occupies the fourth place and follows immediately after...
BEZAI – A family, 324 of whose members returned with Zerubbabel (Ezra ii. 17, and the parallel account, Neh. vii. 23). The name also occurs in the list of those who signed the covenant with Nehemiah, and may there be identified with the...
BEZALEL – Biblical Data: In Ex. xxxi. 1-6, the chief architect of the Tabernacle. Elsewhere in the Bible the name occurs only in the genealogical lists of the Book of Chronicles, but according to cuneiform inscriptions a variant form of...
BEZALEL – Palestinian amora of the fourth century, who is known in Midrashic literature only as the author of haggadistic sentences. Two of these have been handed down by Berechiah, the well-known haggadist and transmitter of haggadistic...
BEZALEL B. JOSEPH (YOSEL) – Russian Talmudist and rabbi at Orlo, government of Grodno, at the beginning of the nineteenth century. He is the author of a collection of responsa, which he published in 1807 at Byelostok.Bibliography: Benjacob, Oẓar...
BEZALEL B. JUDAH HA-LEVI OF ZOLKIEV – Polish Talmudist of the second half of the eighteenth century. He wrote a commentary to the sayings of the fathers (Frankfort-on-the-Oder, 1781), entitled "Bezalel."Bibliography: Zedner, Cat. Hebr. Books British Museum, p. 95;...
BEZALEL B. MOSES HA-KOHEN – Talmudist; born at Wilna, Russia, Jan. 14, 1820, where he died April 13, 1878. He was a competent Talmudist at the age of eighteen, and felt himself qualified to criticize the "Mishkenot Ya'akob" of Jacob b. Aaron of Karlin, one...
BEZALEL BEN SOLOMON OF KOBRYN – Preacher at Slutzk, government of Minsk, Russia; later at Boskowitz, Moravia; died before 1659. He was the author of the following works: (1) "'Amudeah Shib'ah" (Her Columns Are Seven), containing homilies on the Bible; divided...
BEZEK – 1. The scene of battle between the tribes of Judah and Simeon, and the Canaanites and Perizzites (Judges i. 4-6). 2. Place where Saul collected his forces for the fight against the Ammonites (I Sam. xi. 8). Identified with the...
BEZER – A city of refuge in the territory of Reuben (Deut. iv. 43; Josh. xx. 8). It was also one of the cities allotted the Levites by the tribe of Reuben (Josh. xxi. 36, Septuagint; I Chron. vi. 63 [A. V. 78]). In the Mesha inscription...
BEZETHA – According to Josephus, the name of a hill north of the Temple-mound, and separated from the latter by a valley. After the erection of the third wall it became part of the city of Jerusalem. Josephus ("B. J." ii. 15, § 5; ii. 19,...
BÉZIERS – Earliest Mention. Town of France in the department of Hérault. The date of the settlement of the Jews in Béziers is lost in antiquity. Two letters of Sidonius Apolonarius and the canons of the council held at Agde in 506...
BHORUPKAR, SAMUEL BAPUJI – Beni-Israel soldier; born near Bombay, India, about 1790. He entered the Fourth Bombay Regiment on Feb. 2, 1811. In 1813 he served with the Poona Brigade under Colonel Cooke, and in 1814 was engaged in Katyawar and on the banks...
BIACH, ALOIS – Austrian physician and medical writer; born in Lettowitz, Moravia, Austria, May 1, 1849. He was educated at the gymnasium at Brünn and at the University of Vienna. After graduating as M. D. in 1873, he established himself in...
BIAL, RUDOLF – Violinist, conductor, composer, and manager; born at Habelschwerdt, Silesia, Aug. 26, 1834; died at New York Nov. 13, 1881. He began his career as a violinist in an orchestra at Breslau, and then made a tour of Australia and...
BIALA – See Russia.
BIALEH, ẒEBI HIRSCH BEN NAPHTALI HERZ – Rabbi and Talmudist; born about 1670 at Lemberg, Galicia; died Sept. 25, 1748, at Halberstadt, Prussia. He conducted a Talmudic high school in his native city until 1718, when he received a call as chief rabbi to the rich...
BIALLOBLOTZKY, CHRISTIAN HERMANN FRIEDRICH – Jewish convert to Christianity; born April 9, 1799, at Pattensen, near Hanover; died March 28, 1868, at Ahlden-on the-Aller. Bialloblotzky studied Christian theology and philosophy, and received the degree of D.D. at the...
BIALYSTOK, LITHUANIA – See Byelostok.
BIBAGO, ABRAHAM BEN SHEM-ṬOB – Spanish religious philosopher and preacher; born at Saragossa; resided in 1446 at Huesca, and was still living in 1489. At the court of John II. of Aragon, he was, as he himself relates, engaged in controversy when only a young...
BIBEL'SCHE ORIENT, DER – A magazine of which only two numbers appeared (Munich, 1821), these being supposed to be edited by Isaac Bernays. Its object, as stated in the first announcement, April 24 (the second bears date of Aug. 12, 1812 [1821]), was "to...

BEUGNOT, AUGUSTE ARTHUR, COUNT – French statesman and scholar; born at Bar-sur-Aube March, 1797; died at Paris March 15, 1865. Originally he adopted the profession of advocate, but soon abandoned it in order to devote himself entirely to the study of history,...

BEUTHEN – City of Prussian Silesia. No precise information is forthcoming as to when Jews first settled in the city. The mention of Beuthen in the Mainzer Memorbuch (year 1231) is uncertain; but it is known that Jews lived there as early...

BEVIS MARKS GAZETTE – See Periodicals.

BEVIS MARKS SYNAGOGUE – The oldest Jewish house of worship in London; established by the Sephardic Jews in 1698, when Rabbi David Nieto took spiritual charge of the congregation. At that time the worshipers met in a small synagogue in Cree Church lane;...

BEẒAH – Name of a Talmudic treatise of Seder Mo'ed, the second of the six "sedarim" or orders of the Talmud. Its place in the Seder is not fixed. In the Babylonian Talmud it occupies the fourth place and follows immediately after...

BEZAI – A family, 324 of whose members returned with Zerubbabel (Ezra ii. 17, and the parallel account, Neh. vii. 23). The name also occurs in the list of those who signed the covenant with Nehemiah, and may there be identified with the...

BEZALEL – Biblical Data: In Ex. xxxi. 1-6, the chief architect of the Tabernacle. Elsewhere in the Bible the name occurs only in the genealogical lists of the Book of Chronicles, but according to cuneiform inscriptions a variant form of...

BEZALEL – Palestinian amora of the fourth century, who is known in Midrashic literature only as the author of haggadistic sentences. Two of these have been handed down by Berechiah, the well-known haggadist and transmitter of haggadistic...

BEZALEL B. JOSEPH (YOSEL) – Russian Talmudist and rabbi at Orlo, government of Grodno, at the beginning of the nineteenth century. He is the author of a collection of responsa, which he published in 1807 at Byelostok.Bibliography: Benjacob, Oẓar...

BEZALEL B. JUDAH HA-LEVI OF ZOLKIEV – Polish Talmudist of the second half of the eighteenth century. He wrote a commentary to the sayings of the fathers (Frankfort-on-the-Oder, 1781), entitled "Bezalel."Bibliography: Zedner, Cat. Hebr. Books British Museum, p. 95;...

BEZALEL B. MOSES HA-KOHEN – Talmudist; born at Wilna, Russia, Jan. 14, 1820, where he died April 13, 1878. He was a competent Talmudist at the age of eighteen, and felt himself qualified to criticize the "Mishkenot Ya'akob" of Jacob b. Aaron of Karlin, one...

BEZALEL BEN SOLOMON OF KOBRYN – Preacher at Slutzk, government of Minsk, Russia; later at Boskowitz, Moravia; died before 1659. He was the author of the following works: (1) "'Amudeah Shib'ah" (Her Columns Are Seven), containing homilies on the Bible; divided...

BEZEK – 1. The scene of battle between the tribes of Judah and Simeon, and the Canaanites and Perizzites (Judges i. 4-6). 2. Place where Saul collected his forces for the fight against the Ammonites (I Sam. xi. 8). Identified with the...

BEZER – A city of refuge in the territory of Reuben (Deut. iv. 43; Josh. xx. 8). It was also one of the cities allotted the Levites by the tribe of Reuben (Josh. xxi. 36, Septuagint; I Chron. vi. 63 [A. V. 78]). In the Mesha inscription...

BEZETHA – According to Josephus, the name of a hill north of the Temple-mound, and separated from the latter by a valley. After the erection of the third wall it became part of the city of Jerusalem. Josephus ("B. J." ii. 15, § 5; ii. 19,...

BÉZIERS – Earliest Mention. Town of France in the department of Hérault. The date of the settlement of the Jews in Béziers is lost in antiquity. Two letters of Sidonius Apolonarius and the canons of the council held at Agde in 506...

BHORUPKAR, SAMUEL BAPUJI – Beni-Israel soldier; born near Bombay, India, about 1790. He entered the Fourth Bombay Regiment on Feb. 2, 1811. In 1813 he served with the Poona Brigade under Colonel Cooke, and in 1814 was engaged in Katyawar and on the banks...

BIACH, ALOIS – Austrian physician and medical writer; born in Lettowitz, Moravia, Austria, May 1, 1849. He was educated at the gymnasium at Brünn and at the University of Vienna. After graduating as M. D. in 1873, he established himself in...

BIAL, RUDOLF – Violinist, conductor, composer, and manager; born at Habelschwerdt, Silesia, Aug. 26, 1834; died at New York Nov. 13, 1881. He began his career as a violinist in an orchestra at Breslau, and then made a tour of Australia and...

BIALA – See Russia.

BIALEH, ẒEBI HIRSCH BEN NAPHTALI HERZ – Rabbi and Talmudist; born about 1670 at Lemberg, Galicia; died Sept. 25, 1748, at Halberstadt, Prussia. He conducted a Talmudic high school in his native city until 1718, when he received a call as chief rabbi to the rich...

BIALLOBLOTZKY, CHRISTIAN HERMANN FRIEDRICH – Jewish convert to Christianity; born April 9, 1799, at Pattensen, near Hanover; died March 28, 1868, at Ahlden-on the-Aller. Bialloblotzky studied Christian theology and philosophy, and received the degree of D.D. at the...

BIALYSTOK, LITHUANIA – See Byelostok.

BIBAGO, ABRAHAM BEN SHEM-ṬOB – Spanish religious philosopher and preacher; born at Saragossa; resided in 1446 at Huesca, and was still living in 1489. At the court of John II. of Aragon, he was, as he himself relates, engaged in controversy when only a young...

BIBEL'SCHE ORIENT, DER – A magazine of which only two numbers appeared (Munich, 1821), these being supposed to be edited by Isaac Bernays. Its object, as stated in the first announcement, April 24 (the second bears date of Aug. 12, 1812 [1821]), was "to...