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BUSNASH, NAPHTALI – Chief of the Algerian Jews and statesman; born at Algiers in the middle of the eighteenth century; assassinated June 28, 1805. He was engaged—first alone, and later with Bakri Brothers—in the grain trade, of which the dey Ḥasan,...
BUSTANI – See Bostanai.
BUTCHERS – See Sheḥiṭah.
BUTRYMOWICZ, MATHEUS – Polish statesman and landlord of the eighteenth century; a descendant of one of the oldest families of Lithuania and Samogitia, and one of the most enlightened members of the Diet assembled in Warsaw from 1788 to 1792.He took a...
BUTTE, MONTANA – See Montana.
BUTTENWIESER, LAEMMLEIN – German Talmudist and linguist; born in Wassertrüdingen, Bavaria, Jan. 16, 1825; died in New York city Sept. 23, 1901. He was descended from a well-known family of German rabbis, his father being rabbi of Wassertrüdingen, and his...
BUXTORF (BUXTORFF), JOHANNES – Appointed Professor of Hebrew. The principal founder of rabbinical study among Christian scholars; born Dec. 25, 1564, at Kamen, Westphalia; died Sept. 13, 1629, at Basel. He studied at Marburg and afterward at Herborn, where...
BUXTORF, JOHANNES – Becomes Professor of Hebrew. Johannes Buxtorf, the son of the elder; known as Johannes Buxtorf II.; Christian Hebraist; born at Basel Aug. 13, 1599; died there Aug. 16, 1664. Before the age of thirteen he matriculated at the...
BUXTORF, JOHANNES B. – Nephew of Johannes Jakob Buxtorf; born Jan. 8, 1663; died June 19, 1732. He was professor of Hebrew at Basel, and published "Specimen Phraseologiæ V. T. Hebr." (Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1717).T. M. K.
BUXTORF, JOHANNES JAKOB – Professor of Hebrew at Basel; son of Johannes Buxtorf II. by his fourth wife; born Sept. 4, 1645; died April 4, 1705. According to a letter written by his father to Coccejus ("Op. Anecd." ii. 738) in 1663, he was able at...
BUXTORF, JOHANNES RUDOLPHUS – Great-grandson of Johannes Buxtorf I.; born at Basel Oct. 24, 1747; died 1815. After completing his studies in his native city, he became private tutorin the family of the count of Schaumburg-Lippe. On his return to Basel he...
BUZ – Second son of Nahor (Gen. xxii. 21). From the language of the genealogical lists, however, it is to be inferred that the name applies to a tribe; and from Jer. xxv. 23 it is clear that it was an Arabic one. It is probable that...
BUZAGLIO, BUZAGLI – Cabalist; born in Morocco (where his father was "rosh yeshibah") at the beginning of the eighteenth century; died in 1780. He was a disciple of the cabalist Abraham Azulai, rabbi of Morocco, and filled the position of dayyan....
BUZAGLO, WILLIAM – English inventor and empiric; died at London in 1788. His first claim to distinction was his introduction of stoves made on a new plan, and intended for the heating of large public buildings. He afterward practised medicine and...
BUZECCHI – See Bozecchi.
BYELAYA TZERKOV – Town in the government of Kiev, Russia. Its Jewish settlement must have been formed after 1550, when the waywode of Kiev, having built there a castle, attracted many inhabitants to the town by granting them numerous...
BYELAYA VEZH – See Chazars.
BYELOSTOK – Early Tradition. Town in the government of Grodno, Russia; by rail 52 miles southwest of Grodno; one of the youngest in Lithuania. Little is known of the history of its Jewish community. There is a tradition (see "Ha-Ḳol," i.,...
BYELSK – Town in the government of Grodno, Russia. It is impossible to name the exact date when Jews first settled here. In the sixteenth century, during the reign of Sigismund Augustus, the Byelsk Jews were accused of ritual murder, but...
BYESHENKOVICHI – Town in the district of Lepelsk, government of Vitebsk, Russia. In 1898, in a total population of 5,000, about 4,000 were Jews, of whom 576 were artisans. They had a synagogue, many houses of prayer, three benevolent societies,...
BYK, EMIL – Austrian lawyer and deputy; born Jan. 14, 1845, at Janow, near Trembowla, in Galicia.In 1885 Byk was chosen chairman of the charity committee of the Cultusrath of Lemberg, and is now (1902) president of the Jewish community...
BYKHOV – District town in the government of Mohilev, Russia. At the census of 1898 the total population was 6,536, including 3,172 Jews, of whom 587 were artisans. Most of the Jews are extremely poor, and at times they lack the simple...
BYRON, GEORGE GORDON, LORD – English poet; born in Halles street, London, Jan. 22, 1788; died at Missolonghi, Greece, April 19, 1824. The only one of his works which has any relation to Jewish topics is his "Hebrew Melodies," some of which have proved as...
BYZANTINE EXPIRE – Name given to the eastern division of the Roman empire. On May 11, 330, Constantinople became the capital of the Roman empire, and the Greek Orient thereafter developed independently. In these countries of the Eastern empire,...

BUSNASH, NAPHTALI – Chief of the Algerian Jews and statesman; born at Algiers in the middle of the eighteenth century; assassinated June 28, 1805. He was engaged—first alone, and later with Bakri Brothers—in the grain trade, of which the dey Ḥasan,...

BUSTANI – See Bostanai.

BUTCHERS – See Sheḥiṭah.

BUTRYMOWICZ, MATHEUS – Polish statesman and landlord of the eighteenth century; a descendant of one of the oldest families of Lithuania and Samogitia, and one of the most enlightened members of the Diet assembled in Warsaw from 1788 to 1792.He took a...

BUTTE, MONTANA – See Montana.

BUTTENWIESER, LAEMMLEIN – German Talmudist and linguist; born in Wassertrüdingen, Bavaria, Jan. 16, 1825; died in New York city Sept. 23, 1901. He was descended from a well-known family of German rabbis, his father being rabbi of Wassertrüdingen, and his...

BUXTORF (BUXTORFF), JOHANNES – Appointed Professor of Hebrew. The principal founder of rabbinical study among Christian scholars; born Dec. 25, 1564, at Kamen, Westphalia; died Sept. 13, 1629, at Basel. He studied at Marburg and afterward at Herborn, where...

BUXTORF, JOHANNES – Becomes Professor of Hebrew. Johannes Buxtorf, the son of the elder; known as Johannes Buxtorf II.; Christian Hebraist; born at Basel Aug. 13, 1599; died there Aug. 16, 1664. Before the age of thirteen he matriculated at the...

BUXTORF, JOHANNES B. – Nephew of Johannes Jakob Buxtorf; born Jan. 8, 1663; died June 19, 1732. He was professor of Hebrew at Basel, and published "Specimen Phraseologiæ V. T. Hebr." (Frankfort-on-the-Main, 1717).T. M. K.

BUXTORF, JOHANNES JAKOB – Professor of Hebrew at Basel; son of Johannes Buxtorf II. by his fourth wife; born Sept. 4, 1645; died April 4, 1705. According to a letter written by his father to Coccejus ("Op. Anecd." ii. 738) in 1663, he was able at...

BUXTORF, JOHANNES RUDOLPHUS – Great-grandson of Johannes Buxtorf I.; born at Basel Oct. 24, 1747; died 1815. After completing his studies in his native city, he became private tutorin the family of the count of Schaumburg-Lippe. On his return to Basel he...

BUZ – Second son of Nahor (Gen. xxii. 21). From the language of the genealogical lists, however, it is to be inferred that the name applies to a tribe; and from Jer. xxv. 23 it is clear that it was an Arabic one. It is probable that...

BUZAGLIO, BUZAGLI – Cabalist; born in Morocco (where his father was "rosh yeshibah") at the beginning of the eighteenth century; died in 1780. He was a disciple of the cabalist Abraham Azulai, rabbi of Morocco, and filled the position of dayyan....

BUZAGLO, WILLIAM – English inventor and empiric; died at London in 1788. His first claim to distinction was his introduction of stoves made on a new plan, and intended for the heating of large public buildings. He afterward practised medicine and...

BUZECCHI – See Bozecchi.

BYELAYA TZERKOV – Town in the government of Kiev, Russia. Its Jewish settlement must have been formed after 1550, when the waywode of Kiev, having built there a castle, attracted many inhabitants to the town by granting them numerous...

BYELAYA VEZH – See Chazars.

BYELOSTOK – Early Tradition. Town in the government of Grodno, Russia; by rail 52 miles southwest of Grodno; one of the youngest in Lithuania. Little is known of the history of its Jewish community. There is a tradition (see "Ha-Ḳol," i.,...

BYELSK – Town in the government of Grodno, Russia. It is impossible to name the exact date when Jews first settled here. In the sixteenth century, during the reign of Sigismund Augustus, the Byelsk Jews were accused of ritual murder, but...

BYESHENKOVICHI – Town in the district of Lepelsk, government of Vitebsk, Russia. In 1898, in a total population of 5,000, about 4,000 were Jews, of whom 576 were artisans. They had a synagogue, many houses of prayer, three benevolent societies,...

BYK, EMIL – Austrian lawyer and deputy; born Jan. 14, 1845, at Janow, near Trembowla, in Galicia.In 1885 Byk was chosen chairman of the charity committee of the Cultusrath of Lemberg, and is now (1902) president of the Jewish community...

BYKHOV – District town in the government of Mohilev, Russia. At the census of 1898 the total population was 6,536, including 3,172 Jews, of whom 587 were artisans. Most of the Jews are extremely poor, and at times they lack the simple...

BYRON, GEORGE GORDON, LORD – English poet; born in Halles street, London, Jan. 22, 1788; died at Missolonghi, Greece, April 19, 1824. The only one of his works which has any relation to Jewish topics is his "Hebrew Melodies," some of which have proved as...

BYZANTINE EXPIRE – Name given to the eastern division of the Roman empire. On May 11, 330, Constantinople became the capital of the Roman empire, and the Greek Orient thereafter developed independently. In these countries of the Eastern empire,...