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HENRIQUEZ (ENRIQUEZ), ISABELLA – Spanish poetess; lived at Madrid; died after 1680. She distinguished herself in the different academies at Madrid. Isaac (Fernando) Cardoso dedicated to her his work, "Del Color Verde," on the color green, which is the symbol of...
HENRY II – King of Castile; born at Seville in 1333; died in 1379; illegitimate brother of Pedro I. He was as hostile to the Jews as Pedro had been friendly. His long-cherished hatred of his brother burst forth when a Jew named Jacob, an...
HENRY, EMMA – English poetess; born Sept. 17, 1788; died Dec. 30, 1870; daughter of the Rev. Solomon Lyon, professor of Hebrew at Cambridge, and wife of Abraham Henry. She enjoyed in early life the advantages of a broad education and the...
HENRY, HENRY A. – Anglo-American rabbi and Hebraist; born in London 1800; died at San Francisco, Cal., Sept. 4, 1879. He was educated at the Jews' Free School, London, of which he was afterward principal until 1842. In this capacity he was the...
HENRY, MICHAEL – English journalist and mechanician; born at Kennington, London, Feb. 19, 1830; died in London June 15, 1875. He was educatedat the City of London School; in 1844 he went to Paris as clerk in a counting-house, and later entered...
HENSCHEL, AUGUST WILHELM EDUARD THEODOR – German physician and botanist; born in Breslau Dec. 20, 1790; died there July 24, 1856; educated at the medical and surgical college at Breslau, the Ober-Collegium, Berlin, and the universities of Heidelberg and Breslau (M.D....
HENSCHEL, ELIAS H. – German physician; born at Breslau April 4, 1755; died in 1839; father of A. W. Henschel. He commenced life as an errand-boy, and for some time was valet to a physician. He did not, however, miss any opportunity of acquiring...
HENSCHEL, GEORG (ISIDOR) – German composer and barytone singer; born Feb. 18, 1850, at Breslau, where he studied with Wandelt and Schäffer. He made his first appearance as a pianist at twelve years of age. At the Leipsic Conservatorium (1867-70) he was a...
HEP! HEP! – A cry stated to have been used by the Crusaders during their attacks upon the Jews. It appears, however, to have been first used duringthe so-called "Hep! Hep!" riots of 1819 at Frankfort-on-the-Main and along the Rhine (see...
HEPHER – 1. A son of Gilead (Num. xxvi. 32, xxvii. 1; Josh. xvii. 2-3). The clan was known as the Hepherites (Num. xxvi. 32). 2. One of David's captains (I Chron. xi. 36). 3. Member of the tribe of Judah (I Chron. iv. 6). 4. Royal city...
HEPHZI-BAH – 1. Name to be borne by the restored Jerusalem (Isa. lxii. 4), in token that God will not abandon it. 2. Name of the queen of King Hezekiah and mother of Manasseh (II Kings xxi. 1).E. G. H. M. Sel.
HEPNER, ADOLF – German-American journalist; born at Schmiegel, Posen, Nov. 24, 1846; educated at the gymnasium at Lissa, the rabbinical seminary at Breslau, and the universities of Breslau and Berlin.He became a socialist in 1868, and two years...
HERALDRY – See Coat of Arms.
HERBS – See Botany.
HERCZEGHY, MORIZ – Hungarian physician and author; born in Budapest Aug. 19, 1815; died in Vienna Dec. 23, 1884. He studied medicine in Budapest and Vienna, and afterward took part in the Revolution of 1848 in the latter city. He went from Vienna...
HERCZEL, MANÓ DE SZENTPÉTERI – Hungarian physician; born in Szegedin July 1, 1861; studied successively in his native city, in Ujvidék, in Budapest, in Vienna, in Strasburg, and in Paris. After having taken his degree of M.D. (1884), he practised for two...
HERDER, JOHANN GOTTFRIED VON – German Protestant theologian, poet, and writer; born at Mohrungen, East Prussia, Aug. 25, 1744; died at Weimar Dec. 21, 1803. He studied theology, philosophy, and the humanities at the University of Königsberg, where he acquired...
HEREDIA, PAULUS (PABLO) DE – Spanish anti-Jewish writer; born about 1405 in Aragon; died at an advanced age after 1486. Baptized late in life, he attacked Judaism, though he had at one time defended it and his former coreligionists. In order to assail the...
HEREFORD – County town of Herefordshire, England, situated on the River Wye, of some commercial importance in early times. When Richard I. returned from captivity, ten Jews of Hereford contributed £15 11s. 11d. to a "donum" made by the...
ḤEREM – See Excommunication.
HERES – 1. City in Egypt, mentioned in Isa. xix. 18: "In that day there shall be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan, and swear to the Lord of hosts; one shall be called 'Ir ha-Heres" (A. V. "the city of...
HERESY AND HERETICS – The Greek term άίρεσις originally denoted "division," "sect," "religious" or "philosophical party," and is applied by Josephus ("B. J." ii. 8, § 1, and elsewhere) to the three Jewish sects—Sadducees, Pharisees, and Essenes...
HERITAGE – See Inheritance.
HERMANMIESTETZ – City in Bohemia. Jews were living there as early as 1509, engaged in commerce and money-lending; but the Jewish community proper dates from 1591. The Jews were confined to a ghetto under the protectorate of the overlords of the...
HERMANN, LUDIMAR – German physiologist; born in Berlin Oct. 21, 1838; M.D. Berlin, 1859. He engaged in practise in his native city, and in 1865 became privat-docent at its university. In 1868 he was appointed professor of physiology at Zurich, and...

HENRIQUEZ (ENRIQUEZ), ISABELLA – Spanish poetess; lived at Madrid; died after 1680. She distinguished herself in the different academies at Madrid. Isaac (Fernando) Cardoso dedicated to her his work, "Del Color Verde," on the color green, which is the symbol of...

HENRY II – King of Castile; born at Seville in 1333; died in 1379; illegitimate brother of Pedro I. He was as hostile to the Jews as Pedro had been friendly. His long-cherished hatred of his brother burst forth when a Jew named Jacob, an...

HENRY, EMMA – English poetess; born Sept. 17, 1788; died Dec. 30, 1870; daughter of the Rev. Solomon Lyon, professor of Hebrew at Cambridge, and wife of Abraham Henry. She enjoyed in early life the advantages of a broad education and the...

HENRY, HENRY A. – Anglo-American rabbi and Hebraist; born in London 1800; died at San Francisco, Cal., Sept. 4, 1879. He was educated at the Jews' Free School, London, of which he was afterward principal until 1842. In this capacity he was the...

HENRY, MICHAEL – English journalist and mechanician; born at Kennington, London, Feb. 19, 1830; died in London June 15, 1875. He was educatedat the City of London School; in 1844 he went to Paris as clerk in a counting-house, and later entered...

HENSCHEL, AUGUST WILHELM EDUARD THEODOR – German physician and botanist; born in Breslau Dec. 20, 1790; died there July 24, 1856; educated at the medical and surgical college at Breslau, the Ober-Collegium, Berlin, and the universities of Heidelberg and Breslau (M.D....

HENSCHEL, ELIAS H. – German physician; born at Breslau April 4, 1755; died in 1839; father of A. W. Henschel. He commenced life as an errand-boy, and for some time was valet to a physician. He did not, however, miss any opportunity of acquiring...

HENSCHEL, GEORG (ISIDOR) – German composer and barytone singer; born Feb. 18, 1850, at Breslau, where he studied with Wandelt and Schäffer. He made his first appearance as a pianist at twelve years of age. At the Leipsic Conservatorium (1867-70) he was a...

HEP! HEP! – A cry stated to have been used by the Crusaders during their attacks upon the Jews. It appears, however, to have been first used duringthe so-called "Hep! Hep!" riots of 1819 at Frankfort-on-the-Main and along the Rhine (see...

HEPHER – 1. A son of Gilead (Num. xxvi. 32, xxvii. 1; Josh. xvii. 2-3). The clan was known as the Hepherites (Num. xxvi. 32). 2. One of David's captains (I Chron. xi. 36). 3. Member of the tribe of Judah (I Chron. iv. 6). 4. Royal city...

HEPHZI-BAH – 1. Name to be borne by the restored Jerusalem (Isa. lxii. 4), in token that God will not abandon it. 2. Name of the queen of King Hezekiah and mother of Manasseh (II Kings xxi. 1).E. G. H. M. Sel.

HEPNER, ADOLF – German-American journalist; born at Schmiegel, Posen, Nov. 24, 1846; educated at the gymnasium at Lissa, the rabbinical seminary at Breslau, and the universities of Breslau and Berlin.He became a socialist in 1868, and two years...

HERALDRY – See Coat of Arms.

HERBS – See Botany.

HERCZEGHY, MORIZ – Hungarian physician and author; born in Budapest Aug. 19, 1815; died in Vienna Dec. 23, 1884. He studied medicine in Budapest and Vienna, and afterward took part in the Revolution of 1848 in the latter city. He went from Vienna...

HERCZEL, MANÓ DE SZENTPÉTERI – Hungarian physician; born in Szegedin July 1, 1861; studied successively in his native city, in Ujvidék, in Budapest, in Vienna, in Strasburg, and in Paris. After having taken his degree of M.D. (1884), he practised for two...

HERDER, JOHANN GOTTFRIED VON – German Protestant theologian, poet, and writer; born at Mohrungen, East Prussia, Aug. 25, 1744; died at Weimar Dec. 21, 1803. He studied theology, philosophy, and the humanities at the University of Königsberg, where he acquired...

HEREDIA, PAULUS (PABLO) DE – Spanish anti-Jewish writer; born about 1405 in Aragon; died at an advanced age after 1486. Baptized late in life, he attacked Judaism, though he had at one time defended it and his former coreligionists. In order to assail the...

HEREFORD – County town of Herefordshire, England, situated on the River Wye, of some commercial importance in early times. When Richard I. returned from captivity, ten Jews of Hereford contributed £15 11s. 11d. to a "donum" made by the...

ḤEREM – See Excommunication.

HERES – 1. City in Egypt, mentioned in Isa. xix. 18: "In that day there shall be five cities in the land of Egypt that speak the language of Canaan, and swear to the Lord of hosts; one shall be called 'Ir ha-Heres" (A. V. "the city of...

HERESY AND HERETICS – The Greek term άίρεσις originally denoted "division," "sect," "religious" or "philosophical party," and is applied by Josephus ("B. J." ii. 8, § 1, and elsewhere) to the three Jewish sects—Sadducees, Pharisees, and Essenes...

HERITAGE – See Inheritance.

HERMANMIESTETZ – City in Bohemia. Jews were living there as early as 1509, engaged in commerce and money-lending; but the Jewish community proper dates from 1591. The Jews were confined to a ghetto under the protectorate of the overlords of the...

HERMANN, LUDIMAR – German physiologist; born in Berlin Oct. 21, 1838; M.D. Berlin, 1859. He engaged in practise in his native city, and in 1865 became privat-docent at its university. In 1868 he was appointed professor of physiology at Zurich, and...