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JUDAH BEN SAMUEL HE-ḤASID OF REGENSBURG – Ethical writer and mystic; died Feb. 22, 1217 ("Oẓar Ṭob," 1878, p. 045; Berliner, "Magazin," 1876, p. 220; "Kerem Ḥemed," vii. 71 [erroneously 1216]; "Ben Chananja," iv. 248 [erroneously 1213]). He was descended from an old...
JUDAH IBN SHABBETHAI – Spanish poet of the end of the twelfth century. He has been identified with the physician Judah b. Isaac of Barcelona, who is praised as a poet by Al-Ḥarizi (ch. 46), but he may also have lived at Burgos. He is a master of the...
JUDAH B. SHENEOR OF EVREUX – French liturgical poet of the thirteenth century. He maintained a correspondence with Jacob b. Solomon of Courson (c. 1260). According to Carmoly, he was the brother of Moses and Samuel of Evreux, and lived in Vendeuvre; but...
JUDAH SICILIANO – Italian poet of the fourteenth century. He earned a livelihood by giving lessons in poetry and by writing occasional poems; but none of his poetical productions has been preserved. He composed a riming dictionary, preserved in...
JUDAH BEN SIMEON BEN PAZZI – Palestinian amora and haggadist of the beginning of the fourth century. He frequently transmits halakic and haggadic aphorisms under the name of his father and of R. Joshua b. Levi, R. Johanan, and Simeon b. Laḳish. In his own...
JUDAH IBN TIBBON – See Ibn Tibbon, Judah.
JUDAH ZEEB BEN EPHRAIM – Hungarian Talmudist of the seventeenth century; son of Ephraim ben Jacob ha-Kohen, whose home in Ofen he left for Jerusalem in 1685. Judah edited his father's responsa, "Sha'ar Efrayim," published at Prague in 1686. He added...
JUDAH B. ZIPPORI – Instigator of an uprising against Herod the Great. Shortly before the latter's death two prominent scribes of Jerusalem, one of whom was Judah b. Zippori (Josephus, "Ant." xvii. 6, § 2, has Σαριφαῖος; "B. J." i. 33, § 2, has...
JUDAISM – The religion of the Jewish people (II Macc. ii. 21, viii. 1, xiv. 38; Gal. i. 13 = , Esth. R. iii. 7; comp. , Esth. viii. 17); their system of beliefs and doctrines, rites and customs, as presented in their sacred literature and...
JUDAIZERS – See Inquisition.
JUDAIZING HERESY (ZHIDOVSTVU-YUSHCHAYA YERES) – A Christian heresy which first made its appearance in Novgorod during the reign of Grand Duke Ivan Vassilyevich III. (second half of the fifteenth century), and from there spread to Pskov and Moscow.From the work of the priest...
JUDAS THE ESSENE – Saint renowned for his prophetic powers in the time of King Aristobulus (105-104 B.C.). Josephus ("Ant." xiii. 11, § 2; "B. J." i. 3, § 5) relates the following characteristic story concerning him: Judas had foretold that the...
JUDAS THE GALILEAN – Leader of a popular revolt against the Romans at the time when the first census was taken in Judea, in which revolt he perished and his followers were dispersed (Acts v. 37); born at Gamala in Gaulonitis (Josephus, "Ant." xviii....
JUDAS ISCARIOT – One of the twelve Apostles of Jesus; he betrayed his master and delivered him up to the priests for judgment (Matt. x. 4; Mark iii. 19; Luke vi. 16). That Jesus should have shown so little foresight in the choice of an apostle...
JUDAS MACCABEUS – Son of the priest Mattathias, and, after his father's death, leader against the Syrians. When he entered on the war he must have been in the prime of his manhood. At first he did not fight pitched battles, but made unexpected...
JUDD, MAX – American manufacturer, consul-general, and chess-player; born Dec. 27, 1851, at Cracow, Austria; emigrated to the United States when eleven years old. From 1864 to 1867 he lived in Washington, D. C., and, on becoming an American...
JUDE, DER – Periodische Blätter für Religion und Gewissensfreiheit: Weekly magazine published in Altona, Germany, from April 10, 1832, to Dec. 31, 1833, by Gabriel Riesser. Its chief aim was to agitate for the social emancipation of the...

JUDAH BEN SAMUEL HE-ḤASID OF REGENSBURG – Ethical writer and mystic; died Feb. 22, 1217 ("Oẓar Ṭob," 1878, p. 045; Berliner, "Magazin," 1876, p. 220; "Kerem Ḥemed," vii. 71 [erroneously 1216]; "Ben Chananja," iv. 248 [erroneously 1213]). He was descended from an old...

JUDAH IBN SHABBETHAI – Spanish poet of the end of the twelfth century. He has been identified with the physician Judah b. Isaac of Barcelona, who is praised as a poet by Al-Ḥarizi (ch. 46), but he may also have lived at Burgos. He is a master of the...

JUDAH B. SHENEOR OF EVREUX – French liturgical poet of the thirteenth century. He maintained a correspondence with Jacob b. Solomon of Courson (c. 1260). According to Carmoly, he was the brother of Moses and Samuel of Evreux, and lived in Vendeuvre; but...

JUDAH SICILIANO – Italian poet of the fourteenth century. He earned a livelihood by giving lessons in poetry and by writing occasional poems; but none of his poetical productions has been preserved. He composed a riming dictionary, preserved in...

JUDAH BEN SIMEON BEN PAZZI – Palestinian amora and haggadist of the beginning of the fourth century. He frequently transmits halakic and haggadic aphorisms under the name of his father and of R. Joshua b. Levi, R. Johanan, and Simeon b. Laḳish. In his own...

JUDAH IBN TIBBON – See Ibn Tibbon, Judah.

JUDAH ZEEB BEN EPHRAIM – Hungarian Talmudist of the seventeenth century; son of Ephraim ben Jacob ha-Kohen, whose home in Ofen he left for Jerusalem in 1685. Judah edited his father's responsa, "Sha'ar Efrayim," published at Prague in 1686. He added...

JUDAH B. ZIPPORI – Instigator of an uprising against Herod the Great. Shortly before the latter's death two prominent scribes of Jerusalem, one of whom was Judah b. Zippori (Josephus, "Ant." xvii. 6, § 2, has Σαριφαῖος; "B. J." i. 33, § 2, has...

JUDAISM – The religion of the Jewish people (II Macc. ii. 21, viii. 1, xiv. 38; Gal. i. 13 = , Esth. R. iii. 7; comp. , Esth. viii. 17); their system of beliefs and doctrines, rites and customs, as presented in their sacred literature and...

JUDAIZERS – See Inquisition.

JUDAIZING HERESY (ZHIDOVSTVU-YUSHCHAYA YERES) – A Christian heresy which first made its appearance in Novgorod during the reign of Grand Duke Ivan Vassilyevich III. (second half of the fifteenth century), and from there spread to Pskov and Moscow.From the work of the priest...

JUDAS THE ESSENE – Saint renowned for his prophetic powers in the time of King Aristobulus (105-104 B.C.). Josephus ("Ant." xiii. 11, § 2; "B. J." i. 3, § 5) relates the following characteristic story concerning him: Judas had foretold that the...

JUDAS THE GALILEAN – Leader of a popular revolt against the Romans at the time when the first census was taken in Judea, in which revolt he perished and his followers were dispersed (Acts v. 37); born at Gamala in Gaulonitis (Josephus, "Ant." xviii....

JUDAS ISCARIOT – One of the twelve Apostles of Jesus; he betrayed his master and delivered him up to the priests for judgment (Matt. x. 4; Mark iii. 19; Luke vi. 16). That Jesus should have shown so little foresight in the choice of an apostle...

JUDAS MACCABEUS – Son of the priest Mattathias, and, after his father's death, leader against the Syrians. When he entered on the war he must have been in the prime of his manhood. At first he did not fight pitched battles, but made unexpected...

JUDD, MAX – American manufacturer, consul-general, and chess-player; born Dec. 27, 1851, at Cracow, Austria; emigrated to the United States when eleven years old. From 1864 to 1867 he lived in Washington, D. C., and, on becoming an American...

JUDE, DER – Periodische Blätter für Religion und Gewissensfreiheit: Weekly magazine published in Altona, Germany, from April 10, 1832, to Dec. 31, 1833, by Gabriel Riesser. Its chief aim was to agitate for the social emancipation of the...