JewishEncyclopedia.com

LEGAL INSTRUMENTS – See Deed.
LEGAL PROCESS – See Procedure.
LEGALISM – See Nomism.
LEGHORN – Seaport city of Tuscany. Its Jewish community, although the youngest among the large communities of Italy, was for some time the foremost because of the wealth, scholarship, and political rights of its members. The first traces...
LEHMANN, BEHREND – See Bermann, Issachar ha-Levi.
LEHMANN, EMIL – German jurist; born at Dresden Feb. 2, 1829; died there Feb. 25, 1898; son of the merchant Bonnier Lehmann. He attended the Israelitische Gemeindeschule and the Kreuzschule in Dresden, and then (1848) went to Leipsic and devoted...
LEHMANN, JOSEPH – German journalist; born at Glogau Dec. 28, 1801; died at Berlin Feb. 19, 1873. At the age of fifteen he found his way to Berlin, and secured a position as office-boy in a banking-house. He studied assiduously, and strove to gain...
LEHMANN, JOSEPH – French chief rabbi; born at Belfort Nov. 1, 1843. He numbers among his ancestors on his father's side R. David Diespeck, the author of "Pardes Dawid" (Sulzbach, 1786), and on his mother's side six Swabian rabbis. Educated at...
LEHMANN, LEONCE – French lawyer; born at Augsburg, Bavaria, Feb. 24, 1836; died in Paris Dec. 27, 1892. He was educated in the latter city, where he studied law, and in 1856 became private secretary to Dr. Spitzer, Turkish minister to Naples,...
LEHMANN, MARCUS (MEYER) – German rabbi; born Dec. 29, 1831, at Verden, Hanover; died at Mayence April 14, 1890. After graduating from the gymnasium, he studied Hebrew at Halberstadt under Israel Hildesheimer. He then went to Berlin University, and thence...
LEHRANSTALT FÜR DIE WISSENSCHAFT DES JUDENTHUMS – Rabbinical seminary at Berlin; founded in 1870 and opened in 1872 as the "Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judenthums," which name, upon the order of the government, was changed in 1883 to the one it now bears.A movement for...
LEHREN – Dutch family whose name is derived from Lehrensteinfeld, a village in Württemberg.Akiba Lehren: Dutch banker and communal worker; born July 30, 1795; died in Amsterdam Nov. 19, 1876; younger brother of Ẓebi Hirsch Lehren and...
LEHRERHEIM – See Periodicals.
LEHRS, KARL LUDWIG (KAUFMANN) – German philologist; born at Königsberg, East Prussia, Jan. 2, 1802; died there June 9, 1878; brother of the philologist F. Siegfried Lehrs (1806-43), editor of Didot's edition of the Greek epic poets. Karl was educated at the...
LEIBZOLL – Rate of Toll. A special toll which the Jews had to pay in most of the European states in the Middle Ages and up to the beginning of the nineteenth century. The origin of the Leibzoll may be traced to the political position of...
LEICESTER – County town of Leicestershire, England. A Josce of Leicester is recorded in the Nottingham "Donum" of 1194 as living in Nottingham; and Benedict of Leicester is mentioned in 1205 (Jacobs, "Jews of Angevin England," p. 238). Part...
LEIDESDORF, MAX – Austrian psychiatrist; born at Vienna June 27, 1818; died there Oct. 9, 1889; educated at the university of his native city (M.D. 1845). After studying for several years in the principal insane asylums of Italy, Germany,...
LEIDESDORFF, WILLIAM – One of the earliest settlers in California; born (at Szathmar, Hungary ?) about 1802; died at San Francisco May 18, 1848. He was the son of Mordecai Leidesdorff; his cousin Yitl (Henrietta) married Akiba Eger, and their daughter...
LEIMDÖRFER, DAVID – Rabbi; born at Hlinik, Hungary, Sept. 17, 1851; educated at his native place and at Zsolna, Waitzen, Budapest, Presburg, and Vienna. He became a chaplain in the Austro-Hungarian army; from 1875 to 1883 he was rabbi at...
LEIPSIC – A city of Saxony. The first mention of its Jewish community occurs in the middle of the thirteenth century in the "Or Zarua'" of Isaac ben Moses of Vienna (p. 215b), who speaks of a synagogue and of a tax on the community. The...
LEIPZIGER, HENRY MARCUS – American educator; born at Manchester, England, Dec. 29, 1853; emigrated to New York in 1865; educated at the College of the City of New York (M.A. 1873) and at Columbia College (LL.B. 1875; Ph.D. 1878). Leipziger was a teacher...
LEIRIA – City of Portugal. In 1378 its Jews complained to the king that they were attacked and maltreated by the Christian inhabitants, especially during Holy Week. A Hebrew printing-press was established here in the house of Samuel...
LEITMERITZ, BENJAMIN WOLF – German glossarist and theologian; son of Isaac Levi; lived at the beginning of the seventeenth century. In his "Amarot Ṭehorot," published by his son Saul, he defines and interprets in alphabetical order the difficult words of...
LEITNER, GOTTLIEB WILLIAM – Professor of Arabic; born at Budapest in 1841; died at Bonn March 22, 1899. He was educated at Constantinople and at King's College, London. Showing an aptitude for languages, he was appointed at an early age interpreter to the...
LEJBOWICZ – See Frank, Jacob.

LEGAL INSTRUMENTS – See Deed.

LEGAL PROCESS – See Procedure.

LEGALISM – See Nomism.

LEGHORN – Seaport city of Tuscany. Its Jewish community, although the youngest among the large communities of Italy, was for some time the foremost because of the wealth, scholarship, and political rights of its members. The first traces...

LEHMANN, BEHREND – See Bermann, Issachar ha-Levi.

LEHMANN, EMIL – German jurist; born at Dresden Feb. 2, 1829; died there Feb. 25, 1898; son of the merchant Bonnier Lehmann. He attended the Israelitische Gemeindeschule and the Kreuzschule in Dresden, and then (1848) went to Leipsic and devoted...

LEHMANN, JOSEPH – German journalist; born at Glogau Dec. 28, 1801; died at Berlin Feb. 19, 1873. At the age of fifteen he found his way to Berlin, and secured a position as office-boy in a banking-house. He studied assiduously, and strove to gain...

LEHMANN, JOSEPH – French chief rabbi; born at Belfort Nov. 1, 1843. He numbers among his ancestors on his father's side R. David Diespeck, the author of "Pardes Dawid" (Sulzbach, 1786), and on his mother's side six Swabian rabbis. Educated at...

LEHMANN, LEONCE – French lawyer; born at Augsburg, Bavaria, Feb. 24, 1836; died in Paris Dec. 27, 1892. He was educated in the latter city, where he studied law, and in 1856 became private secretary to Dr. Spitzer, Turkish minister to Naples,...

LEHMANN, MARCUS (MEYER) – German rabbi; born Dec. 29, 1831, at Verden, Hanover; died at Mayence April 14, 1890. After graduating from the gymnasium, he studied Hebrew at Halberstadt under Israel Hildesheimer. He then went to Berlin University, and thence...

LEHRANSTALT FÜR DIE WISSENSCHAFT DES JUDENTHUMS – Rabbinical seminary at Berlin; founded in 1870 and opened in 1872 as the "Hochschule für die Wissenschaft des Judenthums," which name, upon the order of the government, was changed in 1883 to the one it now bears.A movement for...

LEHREN – Dutch family whose name is derived from Lehrensteinfeld, a village in Württemberg.Akiba Lehren: Dutch banker and communal worker; born July 30, 1795; died in Amsterdam Nov. 19, 1876; younger brother of Ẓebi Hirsch Lehren and...

LEHRERHEIM – See Periodicals.

LEHRS, KARL LUDWIG (KAUFMANN) – German philologist; born at Königsberg, East Prussia, Jan. 2, 1802; died there June 9, 1878; brother of the philologist F. Siegfried Lehrs (1806-43), editor of Didot's edition of the Greek epic poets. Karl was educated at the...

LEIBZOLL – Rate of Toll. A special toll which the Jews had to pay in most of the European states in the Middle Ages and up to the beginning of the nineteenth century. The origin of the Leibzoll may be traced to the political position of...

LEICESTER – County town of Leicestershire, England. A Josce of Leicester is recorded in the Nottingham "Donum" of 1194 as living in Nottingham; and Benedict of Leicester is mentioned in 1205 (Jacobs, "Jews of Angevin England," p. 238). Part...

LEIDESDORF, MAX – Austrian psychiatrist; born at Vienna June 27, 1818; died there Oct. 9, 1889; educated at the university of his native city (M.D. 1845). After studying for several years in the principal insane asylums of Italy, Germany,...

LEIDESDORFF, WILLIAM – One of the earliest settlers in California; born (at Szathmar, Hungary ?) about 1802; died at San Francisco May 18, 1848. He was the son of Mordecai Leidesdorff; his cousin Yitl (Henrietta) married Akiba Eger, and their daughter...

LEIMDÖRFER, DAVID – Rabbi; born at Hlinik, Hungary, Sept. 17, 1851; educated at his native place and at Zsolna, Waitzen, Budapest, Presburg, and Vienna. He became a chaplain in the Austro-Hungarian army; from 1875 to 1883 he was rabbi at...

LEIPSIC – A city of Saxony. The first mention of its Jewish community occurs in the middle of the thirteenth century in the "Or Zarua'" of Isaac ben Moses of Vienna (p. 215b), who speaks of a synagogue and of a tax on the community. The...

LEIPZIGER, HENRY MARCUS – American educator; born at Manchester, England, Dec. 29, 1853; emigrated to New York in 1865; educated at the College of the City of New York (M.A. 1873) and at Columbia College (LL.B. 1875; Ph.D. 1878). Leipziger was a teacher...

LEIRIA – City of Portugal. In 1378 its Jews complained to the king that they were attacked and maltreated by the Christian inhabitants, especially during Holy Week. A Hebrew printing-press was established here in the house of Samuel...

LEITMERITZ, BENJAMIN WOLF – German glossarist and theologian; son of Isaac Levi; lived at the beginning of the seventeenth century. In his "Amarot Ṭehorot," published by his son Saul, he defines and interprets in alphabetical order the difficult words of...

LEITNER, GOTTLIEB WILLIAM – Professor of Arabic; born at Budapest in 1841; died at Bonn March 22, 1899. He was educated at Constantinople and at King's College, London. Showing an aptitude for languages, he was appointed at an early age interpreter to the...

LEJBOWICZ – See Frank, Jacob.