JewishEncyclopedia.com

MAUTNER, EDUARD – German author and journalist; born at Budapest Nov. 13, 1824; died in Baden, near Vienna, July 2, 1889. His father, who was a merchant in Budapest, died when Eduard was seven years old, whereupon his mother, with her children,...
MAXIMS (Legal) – Short sayings in which principles of law of wide application are laid down. They are known to all systems of jurisprudence: thus, "Casus nocet domino" and "Ignorantia juris nocet" are maxims of Roman law; "Nobody can plead his...
MAY, ISAAC – Rabbi of Lublin, Poland, in the latter half of the sixteenth century. Gaining the favor of Count Jenchinsky, the starost of Lublin, he secured in 1556 a very considerable parcel of land which adjoined his house, and which had...
MAY, LEWIS – American merchant and banker; born in Worms Sept. 23, 1823; died at Dobbs Ferry, N. Y., July 22, 1897. He went to the United States in 1840, and in 1845 established an independent business in Shreveport, La. In 1850 he effected...
MAY, MITCHELL – Member of the American House of Representatives; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., July 10, 1871; educated at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute and Columbia Law School. He was a member of the 56th Congress (1899 to 1901) and has held...
MAY LAWS – Temporary regulations concerning the Jews of Russia, proposed by Count Ignatiev, and sanctioned by the czar May 3 (15), 1882. They read as follows:" (1) As a temporary measure, and until a general revision is made of their legal...
MAY MARRIAGE – See Omer.
MAYBAUM, SIEGMUND – Rabbi in Berlin; born at Miskolcz, Hungary, April 29, 1844. He received his education at the yeshibot of Eisenstadt and Presburg, at the lyceum in the latter city, and at the university and the theological seminary of Breslau...
MAYENCE – German city in the grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt; on the left bank of the Rhine; the seat of an archbishop, who was formerly one of the prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire. It has a population of 84,251, of whom 3,200 are...
MAYER, ABRAHAM – Belgian physician; born at Düsseldorf July 10, 1816; died at Antwerp March 1, 1899. After studying medicine at Bonn (M. D. 1839) he settled in Antwerp in 1848, where he practised as a physician until his death. He took an active...
MAYER, CONSTANT – French painter; born at Besançon Oct. 4. 1832. He became a pupil at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and of Léon Cogniet in Paris. In 1857 he went to America and settled in New York, but later returned to Paris, where he now (1904)...
MAYER, ELKAN – German army physician; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main (where his father was a physician), and took his degree at a German university. In 1753 he applied to the council of Frankfort for permission to practise, but the petition was...
MAYER, HENRY – American caricaturist; born at Worms July 18, 1868. Mayer is the son of a Jewish merchant of London, but was educated at Worms. In 1885 he went to Mexico, and subsequently to Texas. There he discovered his ability to draw, and...
MAYER, MORITZ – German rabbi; born at Dürckheim-on-the-Hardt, Germany, Dec. 16, 1821; died at New York Aug. 28, 1867. He studied law at Munich, and entered on the practise of his profession in his native city, when the revolution of 1848 broke...
MAYER, SAMUEL – German rabbi and lawyer; born at Hechingen Jan. 3, 1807; died there Aug. 1, 1875. He studied at the Talmud Torah in his native town, entered the bet ha-midrash and the lyceum at Mannheim in 1823, and went to the University of...
MAYER, SIGMUND – Austrian physician; born at Bechtheim, Rhein-Hessen, Dec. 27, 1842. He studied at the universities of Heidelberg, Giessen, and Tübingen (M.D. 1865) and took a postgraduate course at the universities of Heidelberg and Vienna,...
MAYHEM – In English law, the offense of depriving a person of any limb, member, or organ by violence. The bearings of such an act in the rabbinical law are fully treated under Assault and Battery.J. L. N. D.
MAYO, RAPHAEL ISAAC BEN AARON – Talmudical scholar of Smyrna; died in 1810. He was the author of the following works: "Sefer Shorashe ha-Yam," commentary on the Yad ha-Ḥazaḳah (3 vols., Salonica, 1806-15); "Darke ha-Yam," containing homilies and funeral...
MAẒLIAḤ BEN ELIJAH IBN ALBAẒAḲ – Italian Talmudist of the eleventh century. The surname, Ibn al-Baẓaḳ, the meaning of which is unknown, shows that Maẓliaḥ. came from a family of Eastern Jews. Maẓliaḥ knew Arabic well. After having been dayyan in Sicily, he went...
MAẒLIAḤ, JUDAH B. ABRAHAM PADOVA – Italian Talmudist, cabalist, and poet; rabbi of Modena, where he died Aug. 10, 1728. He was the author of two works: "Tokaḥat Megullah" and "'Oẓerot Sheleg" (the latter cabalistic in nature); and of the following poems: Teḥinah;...
MAZOVRA (MASSURIA) – See Poland.
MAẒẒAH – Bread that is free from leaven or other foreign elements. It is kneaded with water and without yeast or any other chemical effervescent substance, and is hastily prepared to prevent the dough from undergoing the process of...
MAẒẒEBAH – See Stone and Stone-Worship.
McCAUL, ALEXANDER – English Christian missionary and author; born at Dublin May 16, 1799; died at London Nov. 13, 1863. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. Becoming interested in the Jews, he was sent as a missionary to Poland in 1821,...
MEAH – See Hammeah, Tower of.

MAUTNER, EDUARD – German author and journalist; born at Budapest Nov. 13, 1824; died in Baden, near Vienna, July 2, 1889. His father, who was a merchant in Budapest, died when Eduard was seven years old, whereupon his mother, with her children,...

MAXIMS (Legal) – Short sayings in which principles of law of wide application are laid down. They are known to all systems of jurisprudence: thus, "Casus nocet domino" and "Ignorantia juris nocet" are maxims of Roman law; "Nobody can plead his...

MAY, ISAAC – Rabbi of Lublin, Poland, in the latter half of the sixteenth century. Gaining the favor of Count Jenchinsky, the starost of Lublin, he secured in 1556 a very considerable parcel of land which adjoined his house, and which had...

MAY, LEWIS – American merchant and banker; born in Worms Sept. 23, 1823; died at Dobbs Ferry, N. Y., July 22, 1897. He went to the United States in 1840, and in 1845 established an independent business in Shreveport, La. In 1850 he effected...

MAY, MITCHELL – Member of the American House of Representatives; born in Brooklyn, N. Y., July 10, 1871; educated at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute and Columbia Law School. He was a member of the 56th Congress (1899 to 1901) and has held...

MAY LAWS – Temporary regulations concerning the Jews of Russia, proposed by Count Ignatiev, and sanctioned by the czar May 3 (15), 1882. They read as follows:" (1) As a temporary measure, and until a general revision is made of their legal...

MAY MARRIAGE – See Omer.

MAYBAUM, SIEGMUND – Rabbi in Berlin; born at Miskolcz, Hungary, April 29, 1844. He received his education at the yeshibot of Eisenstadt and Presburg, at the lyceum in the latter city, and at the university and the theological seminary of Breslau...

MAYENCE – German city in the grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt; on the left bank of the Rhine; the seat of an archbishop, who was formerly one of the prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire. It has a population of 84,251, of whom 3,200 are...

MAYER, ABRAHAM – Belgian physician; born at Düsseldorf July 10, 1816; died at Antwerp March 1, 1899. After studying medicine at Bonn (M. D. 1839) he settled in Antwerp in 1848, where he practised as a physician until his death. He took an active...

MAYER, CONSTANT – French painter; born at Besançon Oct. 4. 1832. He became a pupil at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and of Léon Cogniet in Paris. In 1857 he went to America and settled in New York, but later returned to Paris, where he now (1904)...

MAYER, ELKAN – German army physician; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main (where his father was a physician), and took his degree at a German university. In 1753 he applied to the council of Frankfort for permission to practise, but the petition was...

MAYER, HENRY – American caricaturist; born at Worms July 18, 1868. Mayer is the son of a Jewish merchant of London, but was educated at Worms. In 1885 he went to Mexico, and subsequently to Texas. There he discovered his ability to draw, and...

MAYER, MORITZ – German rabbi; born at Dürckheim-on-the-Hardt, Germany, Dec. 16, 1821; died at New York Aug. 28, 1867. He studied law at Munich, and entered on the practise of his profession in his native city, when the revolution of 1848 broke...

MAYER, SAMUEL – German rabbi and lawyer; born at Hechingen Jan. 3, 1807; died there Aug. 1, 1875. He studied at the Talmud Torah in his native town, entered the bet ha-midrash and the lyceum at Mannheim in 1823, and went to the University of...

MAYER, SIGMUND – Austrian physician; born at Bechtheim, Rhein-Hessen, Dec. 27, 1842. He studied at the universities of Heidelberg, Giessen, and Tübingen (M.D. 1865) and took a postgraduate course at the universities of Heidelberg and Vienna,...

MAYHEM – In English law, the offense of depriving a person of any limb, member, or organ by violence. The bearings of such an act in the rabbinical law are fully treated under Assault and Battery.J. L. N. D.

MAYO, RAPHAEL ISAAC BEN AARON – Talmudical scholar of Smyrna; died in 1810. He was the author of the following works: "Sefer Shorashe ha-Yam," commentary on the Yad ha-Ḥazaḳah (3 vols., Salonica, 1806-15); "Darke ha-Yam," containing homilies and funeral...

MAẒLIAḤ BEN ELIJAH IBN ALBAẒAḲ – Italian Talmudist of the eleventh century. The surname, Ibn al-Baẓaḳ, the meaning of which is unknown, shows that Maẓliaḥ. came from a family of Eastern Jews. Maẓliaḥ knew Arabic well. After having been dayyan in Sicily, he went...

MAẒLIAḤ, JUDAH B. ABRAHAM PADOVA – Italian Talmudist, cabalist, and poet; rabbi of Modena, where he died Aug. 10, 1728. He was the author of two works: "Tokaḥat Megullah" and "'Oẓerot Sheleg" (the latter cabalistic in nature); and of the following poems: Teḥinah;...

MAZOVRA (MASSURIA) – See Poland.

MAẒẒAH – Bread that is free from leaven or other foreign elements. It is kneaded with water and without yeast or any other chemical effervescent substance, and is hastily prepared to prevent the dough from undergoing the process of...

MAẒẒEBAH – See Stone and Stone-Worship.

McCAUL, ALEXANDER – English Christian missionary and author; born at Dublin May 16, 1799; died at London Nov. 13, 1863. He was educated at Trinity College, Dublin. Becoming interested in the Jews, he was sent as a missionary to Poland in 1821,...

MEAH – See Hammeah, Tower of.