| PEÑAFORTE, RAYMUND DE – Chaplain to Pope Alexander IV.; grand master of the Dominican order until 1240; confessor of James I. of Aragon; lived in Barcelona. His principal aim was to convert Jews and Mohammedans to Christianity, and for the furtherance... |
| PENALTIES – See Fines and Forfeiture. |
| PENIEL – 1. Place mentioned three times in the Old Testament. It was situated on the western bank of the Jordan, near the ford of Jabbok, in the mountains of Ephraim. It is identified with the present Tulul al-Dhahab, which lies 250 feet... |
| PENIEL, SOLOMON B. ABRAHAM – Scholar of unknown date and place. He was the author of a work entitled "Or 'Enayim," on the influence of the constellations upon mankind, the days of Creation, and the wisdom of the Patriarchs (Constantinople, 1519; Cremona,... |
| PENINI – See Bedersi or Bedaresi, Abraham ben Isaac. |
| PENITENCE – See Repentance. |
| PENITENTIAL DAYS – The first ten days of Tishri, beginning with the Day of Memorial (New-Year) and ending with the Day of Atonement. According to the Mishnah (R. H. i. 2) the 1st of Tishri is the great yearly day of judgment, on which all... |