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SCHWABACH, JULIUS LEOPOLD – British consul-general in Berlin; born in Breslau 1831; died there Feb. 23, 1898. At the age of sixteen he entered the banking-house of Bleichröder, and twenty years later became a partner; from 1893, when Baron Gerson von...
SCHWALBE, GUSTAV – German anatomist and anthropologist; born at Quedlinburg Aug. 1, 1844. Educated at the universities of Berlin, Zurich, and Bonn (M.D. 1866), he became in 1870 privat-docent at the University of Halle, in 1871 privat-docent and...
SCHWARZ, ADOLF – Austrian theologian; born July, 1846, at Adász-Tevel, near Papa, Hungary. He received his early instruction in the Talmud from his father, who was a rabbi. He then went to the gymnasium in Papa, and subsequently entered the...
SCHWARZ, ANTON – Austrian chemist; born at Polna, Bohemia, Feb. 2, 1839; died at New York city Sept. 24, 1895. He was educated at the University of Vienna, where he studied law for two years, and at the Polytechnicum, Prague, where he studied...
SCHWARZ, GUSTAV – Hungarian lawyer; born at Budapest 1858; educated in his native city and at German universities. In 1884 he became privat-docent in Roman law at Budapest, being appointed assistant professor nine years later, and professor in...
SCHWARZ, ISRAEL – German rabbi; born at Hürben, Bavaria, March 15, 1830; died at Cologne Jan. 4, 1875; educated by his father, R. Joachim Schwarz of Hürben. At the age of eighteen he passed the state examination for Bavarian rabbis, and was then...
SCHWARZ, JOSEPH – Joseph Schwarz.Palestinian geographer; born at Flosz, Bavaria, Oct. 22, 1804; died at Jerusalem Feb. 5, 1865. When he was seventeen years old he graduated as teacher from the Königliches Schullehrerseminar of Colberg, after...
SCHWARZ, PETER – German Dominican preacher and anti-Jewish writer of the fifteenth century. According to John Eck ("Verlegung cines Juden-Büchleins," signature H, i.b), Schwarz was a Jewish convert to Christianity; but for this assertion there...
SCHWARZFELD – Rumanian family which became prominent in the nineteenth century.Benjamin Schwarzfeld: Rumanian educator and writer; father of Elias, Moses, and Wilhelm Schwarzfeld; born April, 1822; died at Jassy Nov. 27, 1896. After...
SCHWEIDNITZ – See Silesia.
SCHWEINFURT – Town in Lower Franconia. The first mention of its Jews dates from the year 1243, when Henry of Bamberg ordered 50 marks in silver to be paid them. In 1263 the murder of a seven-year-old Christian girl was attributed to the Jews,...
SCHWERIN – See Mecklenburg.
SCHWERIN, GÖTZ – Hungarian rabbi and Talmudist; born in 1760 at Schwerin-on-the-Warthe (Posen); died Jan. 15, 1845; educated at the yeshibot of Presburg and Prague. In 1796 he settled in Hungary, at first living the life of a private scholar in...
SCHWOB (MAYER ANDRĖ), MARCEL – French journalist; born at Chaville (Seine-et-Oise) Aug. 23, 1867; died at Paris Feb. 27, 1905. He received his early instruction at Nantes, where his father was editor of the "Phare de la Loire." Settling in Paris, he became...
SCOPUS – An elevation seven stadia north of Jerusalem, where, according to tradition, the high priest and the inhabitants of the city welcomed Alexander the Great (Josephus, "Ant." xi. 8, § 5). Josephus states that the place was called...
SCORPION – An arachnid resembling a miniature flat lobster, and having a poisonous sting in its tail. It is common in the Sinaitic Peninsula and the desert of El-Tih. In Palestine, where it is represented by eight species, it swarms in...
SCOTLAND – Country forming the northern part of Great Britain. Jews have been settled there only since the early part of the nineteenth century. In 1816 there were twenty families in Edinburgh, which was the first Scottish city to attract...
SCOTT, CHARLES ALEXANDER (KARL BLUMENTHAL) – English author; born in London 1803; died at Venice Nov., 1866. At an early age he went to Italy, where he remained for a considerable time. He was master of several languages, and traveled extensively. In 1848 he joined in the...
SCOURGING – See Stripes.
SCRANTON – Third largest city in the state of Pennsylvania and capital of Lackawanna county. Jews settled there when the place was still called Harrison or Slocum's Hollow, the present name having been given to the city about 1850. The...
SCRIBES – Origin and Meaning. 1. Body of teachers whose office was to interpret the Law to the people, their organization beginning with Ezra, who was their chief, and terminating with Simeon the Just. The original meaning of the Hebrew...
SCROLL OF ANTIOCHUS – See Antiochus, Scroll of.
SCROLL OF THE LAW – Every One to Possess a Sefer Torah. The Pentateuch, written on a scroll of parchment. The Rabbis count among the mandatory precepts incumbent upon every Israelite the obligation to write a copy of the Pentateuch for his personal...
SCYTHIANS – A nomadic people which was known in ancient times as occupying territory north of the Black Sea and east of the Carpathian Mountains. Herodotus relates how they swept down over Media and across to the shores of the...
SCYTHOPOLIS – See Beth-shean.

SCHWABACH, JULIUS LEOPOLD – British consul-general in Berlin; born in Breslau 1831; died there Feb. 23, 1898. At the age of sixteen he entered the banking-house of Bleichröder, and twenty years later became a partner; from 1893, when Baron Gerson von...

SCHWALBE, GUSTAV – German anatomist and anthropologist; born at Quedlinburg Aug. 1, 1844. Educated at the universities of Berlin, Zurich, and Bonn (M.D. 1866), he became in 1870 privat-docent at the University of Halle, in 1871 privat-docent and...

SCHWARZ, ADOLF – Austrian theologian; born July, 1846, at Adász-Tevel, near Papa, Hungary. He received his early instruction in the Talmud from his father, who was a rabbi. He then went to the gymnasium in Papa, and subsequently entered the...

SCHWARZ, ANTON – Austrian chemist; born at Polna, Bohemia, Feb. 2, 1839; died at New York city Sept. 24, 1895. He was educated at the University of Vienna, where he studied law for two years, and at the Polytechnicum, Prague, where he studied...

SCHWARZ, GUSTAV – Hungarian lawyer; born at Budapest 1858; educated in his native city and at German universities. In 1884 he became privat-docent in Roman law at Budapest, being appointed assistant professor nine years later, and professor in...

SCHWARZ, ISRAEL – German rabbi; born at Hürben, Bavaria, March 15, 1830; died at Cologne Jan. 4, 1875; educated by his father, R. Joachim Schwarz of Hürben. At the age of eighteen he passed the state examination for Bavarian rabbis, and was then...

SCHWARZ, JOSEPH – Joseph Schwarz.Palestinian geographer; born at Flosz, Bavaria, Oct. 22, 1804; died at Jerusalem Feb. 5, 1865. When he was seventeen years old he graduated as teacher from the Königliches Schullehrerseminar of Colberg, after...

SCHWARZ, PETER – German Dominican preacher and anti-Jewish writer of the fifteenth century. According to John Eck ("Verlegung cines Juden-Büchleins," signature H, i.b), Schwarz was a Jewish convert to Christianity; but for this assertion there...

SCHWARZFELD – Rumanian family which became prominent in the nineteenth century.Benjamin Schwarzfeld: Rumanian educator and writer; father of Elias, Moses, and Wilhelm Schwarzfeld; born April, 1822; died at Jassy Nov. 27, 1896. After...

SCHWEIDNITZ – See Silesia.

SCHWEINFURT – Town in Lower Franconia. The first mention of its Jews dates from the year 1243, when Henry of Bamberg ordered 50 marks in silver to be paid them. In 1263 the murder of a seven-year-old Christian girl was attributed to the Jews,...

SCHWERIN – See Mecklenburg.

SCHWERIN, GÖTZ – Hungarian rabbi and Talmudist; born in 1760 at Schwerin-on-the-Warthe (Posen); died Jan. 15, 1845; educated at the yeshibot of Presburg and Prague. In 1796 he settled in Hungary, at first living the life of a private scholar in...

SCHWOB (MAYER ANDRĖ), MARCEL – French journalist; born at Chaville (Seine-et-Oise) Aug. 23, 1867; died at Paris Feb. 27, 1905. He received his early instruction at Nantes, where his father was editor of the "Phare de la Loire." Settling in Paris, he became...

SCOPUS – An elevation seven stadia north of Jerusalem, where, according to tradition, the high priest and the inhabitants of the city welcomed Alexander the Great (Josephus, "Ant." xi. 8, § 5). Josephus states that the place was called...

SCORPION – An arachnid resembling a miniature flat lobster, and having a poisonous sting in its tail. It is common in the Sinaitic Peninsula and the desert of El-Tih. In Palestine, where it is represented by eight species, it swarms in...

SCOTLAND – Country forming the northern part of Great Britain. Jews have been settled there only since the early part of the nineteenth century. In 1816 there were twenty families in Edinburgh, which was the first Scottish city to attract...

SCOTT, CHARLES ALEXANDER (KARL BLUMENTHAL) – English author; born in London 1803; died at Venice Nov., 1866. At an early age he went to Italy, where he remained for a considerable time. He was master of several languages, and traveled extensively. In 1848 he joined in the...

SCOURGING – See Stripes.

SCRANTON – Third largest city in the state of Pennsylvania and capital of Lackawanna county. Jews settled there when the place was still called Harrison or Slocum's Hollow, the present name having been given to the city about 1850. The...

SCRIBES – Origin and Meaning. 1. Body of teachers whose office was to interpret the Law to the people, their organization beginning with Ezra, who was their chief, and terminating with Simeon the Just. The original meaning of the Hebrew...

SCROLL OF ANTIOCHUS – See Antiochus, Scroll of.

SCROLL OF THE LAW – Every One to Possess a Sefer Torah. The Pentateuch, written on a scroll of parchment. The Rabbis count among the mandatory precepts incumbent upon every Israelite the obligation to write a copy of the Pentateuch for his personal...

SCYTHIANS – A nomadic people which was known in ancient times as occupying territory north of the Black Sea and east of the Carpathian Mountains. Herodotus relates how they swept down over Media and across to the shores of the...

SCYTHOPOLIS – See Beth-shean.