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LIPOVETZ – Town in the government of Kiev, Russia. In 1897 it had a total population of 6,068, of which 4,500 were Jews. There were 670 Jewish artisans and 71 Jewish day-laborers; of the latter 25 engaged in field-work during the harvest...
LIPPE (Lippe-Detmold) – Small sovereign principality in northwest Germany, with a Jewish population of 750; total population (1895) 123,515. The earliest traces of Jewish settlement in Lippe date back to the beginning of the fourteenth century. The...
LIPPE, CHAIM DAVID – Austrian publisher and bibliographer; born Dec. 22, 1823, at Stanislawow, Galicia; died Aug. 26, 1900, at Vienna. For some time he was cantor and instructor in religion at Eperies, Hungary, but he left that town for Vienna,...
LIPPMANN, EDOUARD – French engineer; born at Verdun Feb. 22, 1833. Educated at his native town, the lycée at Metz, and the Ecole Centrale des Arts et Manufactures at Paris, he graduated as engineer in 1856. Joining the firm of Degousé & Laurent,...
LIPPMANN, EDUARD – Austrian chemist; born at Prague Sept. 23, 1842; educated at the gymnasium of Vienna and the universities of Leipsic and Heidelberg (Ph.D. 1864). He took a post-graduate course at Paris, and in 1868 became privatdocent at the...
LIPPMANN, GABRIEL – French physicist; born at Hollerich, Luxemburg, in 1845. After being educated at the Ecole Normale and in Germany, he went to Paris, taking the degree of D.Sc. in 1875. During his stay in Germany he had given special attention...
LIPPMANN, GABRIEL HIRSCH – German rabbi; born at Memmelsdorf, Bavaria; died at Kissingen May 26, 1864. He went in his early youth to Burgpreppach, where he studied the Talmud under Rabbi Abraham Moses Mayländer. He continued his studies at the yeshibah at...
LIPPMANN, MAURICE – French engineer; born at Ville d'Avray (Seine-et-Oise) Sept. 27, 1847. He received his diploma as bachelor of law in 1869. During the siege of Paris in 1870 he served in the artillery. In 1874 Lippmann was appointed director of...
LIPPOLD – German physician and financier; born at Prague; lived at Berlin in the sixteenth century. He was in great favor with the elector Joachim II., acting as his financial adviser and as administrator of Jewish affairs. After the...
LIPSCHITZ, RUDOLF – German mathematician; born May 14, 1832, at Königsberg, East Prussia; died at Bonn Oct. 8, 1903. Educated at his native town (Ph.D. 1853), he established himself in 1857 as privat-docent in the University of Bonn, becoming...
LIPSCHÜTZ (LÜPSCHÜTZ, LIPSCHITZ, LIBSCHITZ) – Name of a family of Polish and German rabbis; derived from "Liebeschitz," name of a town in Bohemia.Aryeh Löb Lipschütz: Austrian rabbi and author; lived in the second half of the eighteenth and in the first half of the...
LIPSCHUTZ, SOLOMON – American chess-player; born at Ungvar, Hungary, July 4, 1863. At the age of seventeen he emigrated to New York, where he soon became known in chess circles. In 1883 he was chosen as one of a team to represent New York in a match...
LISBON – Capital of Portugal. It had the largest Jewish community in the country and was the residence of the chief rabbi ("arraby mor"). It had several "Judarias" or Jewish streets, one of them in the part of the city called "de...
LISBONNE, EUGENE – Lawyer, and a member of the French Senate; born at Nyons, near Avignon, Aug. 2, 1818; died at Montpellier Feb. 6, 1891. He was a lawyer at Montpellier under the government of July, 1830, and became attorney of the republic at...
LISKER, ABRAHAM BEN ḤAYYIM – Russian rabbi of the seventeenth century; native of Brest-Litovsk. After studying in the yeshibot of Lublin and Cracow, Lisker was called to the rabbinate of Rossiena, in the government of Kovno. He was the author of "Be'er...
LISSA – Town of Prussia. Originally a village, it was incorporated in 1534; and soon afterward the first Jews settled there, with the authorization of Count Andreas Lescynski (1580-1606). Many of these Jewish settlers were probably of...
LISSACK, MORRIS – English author and communal worker; born at Schwerin-on-the-Wartha, grand duchy of Posen, in 1814; died in London Jan. 13, 1895. He emigrated to England in 1835, and in 1839 settled as a "teacher of languages and dealer in...
LISSAUER, ABRAHAM – German physician and anthropologist; born at Berent, West Prussia, Aug. 29, 1832; educated at the gymnasium of his native town and at the universities of Vienna and Berlin (M.D. 1856). He practised in Neidenburg till 1863, when...
LISSAUER, HEINRICH – German physician; born at Neidenburg Sept. 12, 1861; died at Hallstadt, Upper Austria, Sept. 21, 1891; son of Abraham Lissauer. He studied medicine at the universities of Heidelberg, Berlin, and Leipsic, receiving his diploma in...
LISSER, ELEAZAR BEN SOLOMON (ZALMAN) – Polish scholar; lived at Kleczewo in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. He was the author of a twofold commentary on Jedaiah Bedersi's "Beḥinat 'Olam," published with the text at Frankfort-on-the-Oder (1792). The first...
LISSER, JOSHUA FALK – Prominent rabbi and Talmudist of the second half of the eighteenth century; a descendant of Joshua Falk Kohen of Lemberg and of R. Liwa (MaHRaL) of Prague, and a pupil of R. Moses Zarah Eidlitz of Prague, author of "Or...
LITERATURBLATT DES ORIENTS – See Orient, Der.
LITERATURE, HEBREW – Under this designation may be comprised all the works written by Jews in the Hebrew and the Aramaic tongue. Works written in Hebrew by non-Jews are too few to require consideration here. The term "Jewish literature" should be...
LITERATURE, MODERN HEBREW – Modern Hebrew literature (1743-1904), in distinction to that form of Neo-Hebraic literature known as rabbinical literature (see Literature, Hebrew), which is distinctly religious in character, presents itself under a twofold...
LITHUANIA – Formerly a grand duchy, politically connected more or less intimately with Poland, and with the latter annexed to Russia.Lithuania originally embraced only the waywodeships of Wilna and Troki; but in the thirteenth century it...

LIPOVETZ – Town in the government of Kiev, Russia. In 1897 it had a total population of 6,068, of which 4,500 were Jews. There were 670 Jewish artisans and 71 Jewish day-laborers; of the latter 25 engaged in field-work during the harvest...

LIPPE (Lippe-Detmold) – Small sovereign principality in northwest Germany, with a Jewish population of 750; total population (1895) 123,515. The earliest traces of Jewish settlement in Lippe date back to the beginning of the fourteenth century. The...

LIPPE, CHAIM DAVID – Austrian publisher and bibliographer; born Dec. 22, 1823, at Stanislawow, Galicia; died Aug. 26, 1900, at Vienna. For some time he was cantor and instructor in religion at Eperies, Hungary, but he left that town for Vienna,...

LIPPMANN, EDOUARD – French engineer; born at Verdun Feb. 22, 1833. Educated at his native town, the lycée at Metz, and the Ecole Centrale des Arts et Manufactures at Paris, he graduated as engineer in 1856. Joining the firm of Degousé & Laurent,...

LIPPMANN, EDUARD – Austrian chemist; born at Prague Sept. 23, 1842; educated at the gymnasium of Vienna and the universities of Leipsic and Heidelberg (Ph.D. 1864). He took a post-graduate course at Paris, and in 1868 became privatdocent at the...

LIPPMANN, GABRIEL – French physicist; born at Hollerich, Luxemburg, in 1845. After being educated at the Ecole Normale and in Germany, he went to Paris, taking the degree of D.Sc. in 1875. During his stay in Germany he had given special attention...

LIPPMANN, GABRIEL HIRSCH – German rabbi; born at Memmelsdorf, Bavaria; died at Kissingen May 26, 1864. He went in his early youth to Burgpreppach, where he studied the Talmud under Rabbi Abraham Moses Mayländer. He continued his studies at the yeshibah at...

LIPPMANN, MAURICE – French engineer; born at Ville d'Avray (Seine-et-Oise) Sept. 27, 1847. He received his diploma as bachelor of law in 1869. During the siege of Paris in 1870 he served in the artillery. In 1874 Lippmann was appointed director of...

LIPPOLD – German physician and financier; born at Prague; lived at Berlin in the sixteenth century. He was in great favor with the elector Joachim II., acting as his financial adviser and as administrator of Jewish affairs. After the...

LIPSCHITZ, RUDOLF – German mathematician; born May 14, 1832, at Königsberg, East Prussia; died at Bonn Oct. 8, 1903. Educated at his native town (Ph.D. 1853), he established himself in 1857 as privat-docent in the University of Bonn, becoming...

LIPSCHÜTZ (LÜPSCHÜTZ, LIPSCHITZ, LIBSCHITZ) – Name of a family of Polish and German rabbis; derived from "Liebeschitz," name of a town in Bohemia.Aryeh Löb Lipschütz: Austrian rabbi and author; lived in the second half of the eighteenth and in the first half of the...

LIPSCHUTZ, SOLOMON – American chess-player; born at Ungvar, Hungary, July 4, 1863. At the age of seventeen he emigrated to New York, where he soon became known in chess circles. In 1883 he was chosen as one of a team to represent New York in a match...

LISBON – Capital of Portugal. It had the largest Jewish community in the country and was the residence of the chief rabbi ("arraby mor"). It had several "Judarias" or Jewish streets, one of them in the part of the city called "de...

LISBONNE, EUGENE – Lawyer, and a member of the French Senate; born at Nyons, near Avignon, Aug. 2, 1818; died at Montpellier Feb. 6, 1891. He was a lawyer at Montpellier under the government of July, 1830, and became attorney of the republic at...

LISKER, ABRAHAM BEN ḤAYYIM – Russian rabbi of the seventeenth century; native of Brest-Litovsk. After studying in the yeshibot of Lublin and Cracow, Lisker was called to the rabbinate of Rossiena, in the government of Kovno. He was the author of "Be'er...

LISSA – Town of Prussia. Originally a village, it was incorporated in 1534; and soon afterward the first Jews settled there, with the authorization of Count Andreas Lescynski (1580-1606). Many of these Jewish settlers were probably of...

LISSACK, MORRIS – English author and communal worker; born at Schwerin-on-the-Wartha, grand duchy of Posen, in 1814; died in London Jan. 13, 1895. He emigrated to England in 1835, and in 1839 settled as a "teacher of languages and dealer in...

LISSAUER, ABRAHAM – German physician and anthropologist; born at Berent, West Prussia, Aug. 29, 1832; educated at the gymnasium of his native town and at the universities of Vienna and Berlin (M.D. 1856). He practised in Neidenburg till 1863, when...

LISSAUER, HEINRICH – German physician; born at Neidenburg Sept. 12, 1861; died at Hallstadt, Upper Austria, Sept. 21, 1891; son of Abraham Lissauer. He studied medicine at the universities of Heidelberg, Berlin, and Leipsic, receiving his diploma in...

LISSER, ELEAZAR BEN SOLOMON (ZALMAN) – Polish scholar; lived at Kleczewo in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. He was the author of a twofold commentary on Jedaiah Bedersi's "Beḥinat 'Olam," published with the text at Frankfort-on-the-Oder (1792). The first...

LISSER, JOSHUA FALK – Prominent rabbi and Talmudist of the second half of the eighteenth century; a descendant of Joshua Falk Kohen of Lemberg and of R. Liwa (MaHRaL) of Prague, and a pupil of R. Moses Zarah Eidlitz of Prague, author of "Or...

LITERATURBLATT DES ORIENTS – See Orient, Der.

LITERATURE, HEBREW – Under this designation may be comprised all the works written by Jews in the Hebrew and the Aramaic tongue. Works written in Hebrew by non-Jews are too few to require consideration here. The term "Jewish literature" should be...

LITERATURE, MODERN HEBREW – Modern Hebrew literature (1743-1904), in distinction to that form of Neo-Hebraic literature known as rabbinical literature (see Literature, Hebrew), which is distinctly religious in character, presents itself under a twofold...

LITHUANIA – Formerly a grand duchy, politically connected more or less intimately with Poland, and with the latter annexed to Russia.Lithuania originally embraced only the waywodeships of Wilna and Troki; but in the thirteenth century it...